3.3.14 Organic synthesis

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

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Front (Question)

What are the reagents and conditions required to produce a halogenoalkane from an alkane?

Back (Answer)

Reagents: * X2 Conditions: * UV light

Front (Question)

What are the reagents and conditons required to produce, a secondary/teriary amine, thier salts and quarternary ammonium salts, from a non-primary halogenoalkane?

Back (Answer)

Reagent: * Ammonia Conditions: * Heat

Front (Question)

What are the reagents and conditions required to produce a primary amine from a halogenoalkane?

Back (Answer)

Reagents: * Excess ammonia Conditions: * Heat

Front (Question)

What are the reagents and conditons required to produce a nitrile from a halogenoalkane?

Back (Answer)

Reagent: * Ethanolic KCN(aq) Conditons: * Warm under reflux

Front (Question)

What are the reagents and conditons required to produce a primary amine from a nitrile?

Back (Answer)

Reagents: * LiAlH in a non aqueous solvent * Dilute H2SO4 OR… Reagents: * Hydrogen gas Conditions: * Platinum or nickel catalyst * High preasure * High temperature

Front (Question)

What are the reagents and conditions required to produce an alcohol from a halogenoalkane?

Back (Answer)

Reagents: * Aqueous NaOH or KOH Conditions: * Warm under reflux

Front (Question)

What are the reagents and conditions required to produce a halogenoalkane from an alkene?

Back (Answer)

Reagents: * Hydrogen halide (HX) Conditions: * Room temperature (20oC)

Front (Question)

What are the reagents and conditions required to produce an alkene from an halogenoalkane?

Back (Answer)

Reagents: * Ethanolic KOH Conditions: * Warm under reflux

Front (Question)

What are the reagents and conditions required to produce an alcohol from an alkene?

Back (Answer)

Reagents: * H2O(g) Conditions: * 300oC steam * 60 atm preasure * Phosphoric(V) acid catalyst (H3PO4) OR… Reagents: * H2O(l) Conditions: * Cold conc. sulfuric acid catalyst * Warm

#10

Front (Question)

What are the reagents and conditions required to produce an alkene from a alcohol?

Back (Answer)

Conditions: * Concentrated sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid catalyst * Heated under reflux

#11

Front (Question)

What are the reagents and conditions required to produce an aldehyde or ketone from a primary or secondary alcohol?

Back (Answer)

Reagents: * Acidified potassium dichromate(VI) (K2Cr2O7) * Sulfuric acid Conditions: * Heat using distillation apparatus

#12

Front (Question)

What are the reagents and conditions required to produce an alcohol from an aldehyde or ketone?

Back (Answer)

Reagent: * NaBH4 dissolved in water with methanol

#13

Front (Question)

What are the reagents and conditions required to produce a carboxylic acid from an alcohol?

Back (Answer)

Reagents: * Acidified potassium dichromate(VI) (K2Cr2O7) * Sulfuric acid Conditions: * Heat under reflux

#14

Front (Question)

What are the reagents and conditions required to produce a carboxylic acid from an aldehyde?

Back (Answer)

Reagents: * Acidified potassium dichromate(VI) (K2Cr2O7) * Sulfuric acid Conditions: * Heat under reflux

#15

Front (Question)

What are the reagents and conditions required to produce a hydroxynitrile from an aldehyde or ketone?

Back (Answer)

Reagents: * Acidified KCN(aq) (H2SO4) Conditions: * Room temperature (20oC)

#16

Front (Question)

What are the reagents and conditions required to produce a ester from a carboxylic acid?

Back (Answer)

Reagents: * Alcohol Conditions: * Conc. H2SO4 * Heat

#17

Front (Question)

What are the reagents and conditions required to produce a carboxylic acid from an ester?

Back (Answer)

Reagents: * H2O Conditions: * Dilute sulfuric or hydrochloric acid catalyst * Reflux under heat OR… Reagents: * Dilute NaOH Conditions: * Reflux under heat

#18

Front (Question)

What are the reagents and conditions required to produce a ester from an acyl chloride or acid anhydride?

Back (Answer)

Reagents: * Alcohol Conditions: * Room temperature (20oC)

#19

Front (Question)

What are the reagents and conditions required to produce a primary amide from a acyl chloride or acid anhydride?

Back (Answer)

Reagents: * NH3 Conditions: * Room temperature (20oC)

#20

Front (Question)

What are the reagents and conditions required to produce a N-substituted amide from a acyl chloride or acid anhydride?

Back (Answer)

Reagents: * Amine Conditions: * Room temperature (20oC)

#21

Front (Question)

What are the reagents and conditions required to produce dibromoalkane from an alkene?

Back (Answer)

Reagents: * Br2 Conditions: * Room temperature (20oC)

#22

Front (Question)

What are the reagents and conditions required to produce nitrobenzene by nitration of benzene?

Back (Answer)

Reagents: * Conc. H2SO4 * Conc. HNO3 Conditions: Bellow 55oC

#23

Front (Question)

What are the reagents and conditions required to produce phenylketone by acylation of benzene?

Back (Answer)

Reagents: * Acyl chloride (RCOCl) Conditions: * AlCl3 * Heated under reflux * In non-aqueous solvent e.g. dry ether

#24

Front (Question)

What are the reagents and conditions required to produce an aromatic amine by reduction of nitrobenzene?

Back (Answer)

Reagents: * Tin (Sn) * Conc. hydrochloric acid * Then add NaOH Conditions: * Heat under reflux Not sure what’s a catalyst and reagent so all are in reagents