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Enamel

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (24)

#1
Front (Question)

What forms enamel?

Back (Answer)

Ameloblasts

#2
Front (Question)

What are 5 key features of enamel?

Back (Answer)

• Hardest biological tissue • Abrasion resistance is high • Low tensile strength and brittle • Cannot be repaired or replaced • Avascular

#3
Front (Question)

Where is enamel thickest on the tooth?

Back (Answer)

Over cusps and incisal edges

#4
Front (Question)

Where is the enamel thinnest on the tooth?

Back (Answer)

Cervical margin

#5
Front (Question)

What forms the mineral component of enamel?

Back (Answer)

Calcium hydroxyapatite crystals

#6
Front (Question)

What 2 things form the organic component of enamel?

Back (Answer)

• Amelogenins 2. Non-amelogenins

#7
Front (Question)

What is the basic structural unit of enamel?

Back (Answer)

Enamel rods

#8
Front (Question)

What forms enamel rods or interrod enamel?

Back (Answer)

Crystallites

#9
Front (Question)

Where do enamel rods run?

Back (Answer)

Enamel-dentin junction to the surface of the tooth

#10
Front (Question)

What is the main difference between rod and interrod composition?

Back (Answer)

Interrod crystals deviate 40° - 60° from crystals found in rods

#11
Front (Question)

What pattern are enamel rods found in?

Back (Answer)

Keyhole pattern

#12
Front (Question)

What is the name of the banding pattern found in enamel?

Back (Answer)

Hunter-Schraeger bands

#13
Front (Question)

What are 2 functions of Hunter-Schraeger bands?

Back (Answer)

• Strengthen enamel 2. Prevent cracks from propagating through tooth

#14
Front (Question)

How do Hunter-Schraeger bands arise?

Back (Answer)

10-13 layers of rods follow the same direction but blocks above and below follow paths in different directions

#15
Front (Question)

What 3 things cause incremental lines to appear?

Back (Answer)

• Changes in enamel secretory rhythm • Chemical composition of enamel • Position of the developing enamel front

#16
Front (Question)

What are 2 types of incremental lines?

Back (Answer)

• Cross striations (short period) 2. Enamel striae (long period)

#17
Front (Question)

What are cross striations?

Back (Answer)

Lines which cross enamel rods at right angles to their long axes

#18
Front (Question)

What are striae of Retzius?

Back (Answer)

Prominent lines which run obliquely across the enamel rods to the surface

#19
Front (Question)

What forms striae of Retzius?

Back (Answer)

Successive positions of the enamel-forming front

#20
Front (Question)

How do striae of Retzius appear in transverse section?

Back (Answer)

Concentric rings

#21
Front (Question)

What is the neonatal line?

Back (Answer)

Marked stria formed at birth reflecting the metabolic changes which occur at birth

#22
Front (Question)

What are perikymata?

Back (Answer)

Shallow grooves that run circumferentially around the crown

#23
Front (Question)

What controls amelogenesis?

Back (Answer)

Genetic control

#24
Front (Question)

What are the 4 stages of amelogenesis?

Back (Answer)

• Pre-secretory • Secretory • Maturation • Post-maturation