FINAL 11 EXAM FINALLY DONE WITH CHEM

ratio between the amount of moles of any two compounds involved in a chemical reaction

the reactant is left after the reaction has stopped, not all reactants have been consumed in reactions

the reactant runs out first in a reaction, limits product formed

• write balanced equation • write variable values under equation • calculate number of known moles using n = m/M • find the number of unknown moles using mole ratios • Calculate mass of unknown using the formula m = n x M

small measured amount of homogenous liquid that is added to a solution of unknown concentration

total volume of solution delivered by burette to reach endpoint

the point in which the reaction occurs (neutralisation/titration occurs)

the point in which a change in colour is observed that indicates titration is complete

also called a titration curve, a group showing the pH change during titration, x-axis volume of titrant, y-axis pH of solution

when the volume of two or more titres are similar in quantity

the curve seen at the top of a liquid in response to its container

used to prepare standard solution

(used to accurately measure aliquot)

used to accurately measure known volumes of solution known as titre

• write a balanced equation • write variables • calculate known moles using n = CV • use mole ratio o find unknown moles • calculate the unknown concentration using C = n/V

readily donates a proton

partially donates a proton

donates a proton

accepts/retrieves a proton

equal OH- and H+

measure of acidity produced of H

violet - green/yellow violet/blue - yellow blue - orange

x - Concentration y - Absorbance

a substance loses electrons