Number System
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What is the difference between ordinal and cardinal
represents a position of an item ( first second , third ) / number of items in a size
What do you need to do to perform first compliment
Change the number to opposite
Why are hexadecimal used
Because it is a more compact representation
How do you change a number to the 2’s compliment
Add one to the first compliment
How do you perform arithmetic on a signed number
for a signed number 1 is negative and 0 is positive
how can logic operation be used to discover the state of the most significcant bits
Identify the number of signicifant bits and add 0000 to the rest
What is a fixed point represnetation
The decimal is fixed
What is a floating point representation
radix point is movable mantissa x 2^exponent
Express a number in sign and magnitude vs two’s components
for a two’c compliment number what is the formation of the number
the first two value must alternate
what is the advantage of a floating number
greater range of numbers with a given number of bits than fixed point.
What is an underflow
Underflow occurs when very small numbers are to be represented but there are not enough bits available.
What is overflow
Overflow occurs when a number is too large to be represented with the available bits. Overflow is particularly important when using signed binary.
what is the formula for relative error
absolute error / true value x 100
Explain how the floating point system used could be modified to allow a more accurate representation
Adjust the mantissa Reallocate (one) bit; from the exponent to the mantissa
Why are bit patterns often displayed using hexadecimal instead of binary?
Easier for people to understand
Describe how an unsigned binary integer such as 010010101110 can be converted directly into hexadecimal. The method you describe must not involve converting into decimal.
Put the bits into groups of four/nibbles Convert each group of bits/nibble into a hexadecimal digit;
What is the following in the power of 2 : kibibyte mebibyte gibibyte tebibyte
2 ^ 10 2^20 2^30 2^40
What is an unsigned binary range
0 - 2^n - 1
What is a signed binary range
-2^n -1 to (2^n-1) -1
difference between natural numbers and real numbers
Natural number is used to count discrete objetct , real numbers is continous quantities
advantages of hexadecimal
• compact it uses 8 binary digit • Easier for humans to red and remember • Easier conversion
What is hexadecimal used for
used to store memory address used to store dolor codes used to store mac addresses used to store error codes
when does overflow occur
by adding two positive numbers or two negative numbers adding a positive and negative number cannot give an overflow