3.1
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Transmission of ammonia throughout the body requires a specific carrier that is derived from the result of ammonia capture. From the list below select the correct: capture/transmission pair.
Ammonia + glutamate = glutamine (glutamate/glutamine)
(True/False) A patient, sensitive to nitrogen overload, presents with deficiency of amino- acid [REDACTED]. One method to correct this problem and to avoid exacerbating the nitrogen overload is to increase the amount of the a-keto form of [REDACTED] the patient Ingests. 2
Any amino acid would be true except threonine and lysine
Which enzyme performs the following event: Conversion of glutamate to [REDACTED] (Select 2 enzymes) alpha-ketoglutarate – 1 glutamine – 1
alpha-ketoglutarate – Glutamate Dehydrogenase Glutamine: Glutamine Synthetase x 2
Considering Ebb and Flow, which enzyme will lack substrate due to nitrogen [REDACTED]? Nitrogen overload → 1 Nitrogen shortage → 2
Nitrogen overload → alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (krebs) Nitrogen shortage → glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamine synthetase
(True/False) In the metabolism of amino-acids in the cell, [REDACTED] is converted to [REDACTED] but the backwards reaction cannot occur. In other words, [REDACTED] cannot be directly converted [REDACTED]. Glutamate to glutamine Phenylalanine to tyrosine
Glutamate to glutamine FALSE, glutamine synthetase isnt reversible but glutaminase can be used to run the reaction backwards Phenylalanine to tyrosine TRUE, phenylalanine hydroxylase is not reversible, there is no bypass
What urea cycle enzyme also contributes to [REDACTED]? tca cycle creation of pyrimidine
TCA cycle -> arginosuccinase (creates fumarate + arginine) Creation of Pyrimidine -Carbamoyl Phosphate Synthetase I
Tryptophan can be derived from a reaction requiring [REDACTED] and what other [REDACTED]? Phosphoenolpyruvate and what other pentose phosphate shunt reactant
Phosphoenolpyruvate and what other pentose phosphate shunt reactant -> erythrose-4-phosphate
In which region of the liver, is gluta[REDACTED] activity expected to be [REDACTED]est? Glutaminase, highest= ? lowest= ? glutamine synthetase, lowest= ?Highest= ?
Glutaminase, highest=periportal lowest=perivenous Gulamine synthetase, lowest=periportal Highest=perivenous
From the list below select the enzyme failure that is likely to be the most dangerous to the organism. 3
carba. salvage pathway enz.
Which of the following is NOT an amino acid? 5
Guanine, uracil, adenine, thymine, and cytosine