11.3 Representing the formulae of organic compounds
No description yet. This curated deck is ready for daily study.
Card preview (11)
What is the molecular formula
Shows the number and type of atoms of each element present in a molecule. Does not show how the atoms are joined together and different molecules can have the same molecular formula Eg. C2H6O
What is the empirical formular
The simplest whole-number ratio of the atoms of each element present in a compound Eg. Glucose molecular formula C6H12O6 but empirical formular CH2O
What is the general formula
The simplest algebraic formula for any member of a homologous series
General formula for alkanes
CnH(2n+2)
General formula for alkenes
CnH2n
General formula for alcohols
CnH(2n+1)OH
General formula for carboxylic acids
CnH2nO2
General formula for ketones
CnH2nO
What is the displayed formula
Shows the relative positioning of all of the atoms in a molecule and the bonds between them
What is the structural formula
Uses the smallest amount of detail necessary to show the arrangement of the atoms in a molecule. Shows clearly which groups are bonded together Eg. Butane CH3CH2CH2CH3
What is the skeletal formula
A simplified organic formula, you remove all of the carbon and hydrogen labels from carbon chain, and any bonds to hydrogen atoms. A line represents a single bond, an intersection of two lines represents a carbon atom, and the end of a line represents a -CH3 group