Chapter 7, 8, 9, 10 Exam

• salt marshes, oceans, seas, bays, swamps - lakes, ponds, rivers, streams

a lake with a large supply of nutrients, shallow, with murky brown or green water, and with poor visibility

a lake with a low concentration of nutrients and plankton, space fish population, and little shore vegetation

-corals are animals that contain plants that live inside them. There are hard and soft corals. -Polyps are important -oceans -animals little things affect them Without proper light and temperature, they will die. It only tames 1-2 degrees in some cases and global warming effects coral.

Ecological succession in a bare area that has never been occupied by a community of organs BARE ROCK PIONEER ORGANISMS ABD EARLY SUCCESSION ORGANISMS EARLY AND MID SUCCESSION

Ecological succession in an area in which natural vegetation has been removed or destroyed but the soil is not destroyed

Consumer organism that lives on or in and feeds on a living plant or animal, known as the host, over an extended period of time. The parasite draws nourishment from and gradually weakens its host; it may or may not kill the host

predation Situation in which an organism of one species (the predator) captures and feeds on parts or all of an organism of another species (the prey)

the # of species found on an island is determined by a balance between two factors: the immigration rate (of species new to the island) from other inhabited areas and the extinction rate (of species established on the island). The model predicts that some point the rates of immigration and extinction will reach and equilibrium point that determines the island’s average # of different species (species diversity)

attempts by members of two or more species to use the same limited resources in an ecosystem

Attempts by two or more organisms of a single species to use the same limited resources in an ecosystem `

Species that play roles affecting many other organisms in an ecosystem

evolution in which two or more species interact and exert selective pressures on each other that can lead each species to undergo various adaptations

occurs with species when they are unable to switch to a new resource or move to another area

maximum population of a particular species that a given habitat can support over a given period DETERMINED BY THE BIOTIC POTENTIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESISTANCE

two species interact in a way that both benefit

Interaction between species in which one organism, called the parasite, preys on another organism, called the host, by living on or in the host

An interaction between organisms of different species in which one type of species benefits and the other type is neither helped nor harmed to any degree

No two species can occupy exactly the same fundamental niche indefinitely in a habitat where there is not enough of a particular resource to meet the needs of both species

organisms living in groups

the individuals are spread out evenly in the environment

the individuals of a population are spread out in no particular pattern

Competitor species reproduce late in life have small number of offspring long life span -reproducing late in life -having a small number of offspring with fairly long lifespans -develop inside their mothers and are born fairly large -mature slowly -cored for and protected by one or both parents until they reach reproductive age -do well in competitive situations and they follow a logistic growth curve -examples are elephants, whales, humans, birds of prey, and large long-lived plants.

species with a capacity for high rate of population increase Small, many offspring little parental care -reproducing early -putting most of their energy into reproduction -examples are bacteria, rodents, most insects, algae, and annual plants.