nutrition
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Carnivores
eat meat - short digestive tract -dogs/cats
herbivores
eat plants -longest digestive tract -goats/horses
omnivores
eat both plants and animals -swine/humans
Monogastric (non-ruminants, simple stomach)
-digestion begins in the stomach -digestion mainly occurs in SI -carnivores and omnivores
ruminants
-stomach=complex -1 stomach, 4 compartments: Rumen, reticulum, omasum, and abomasum -feed can go btwn reticulum and rumen
Non-ruminant herbivores (hindgut fermenters)
-simple/monogastric stomach -cecum! -horses
small intestine function (monogastrics)
• split food molecules
parts of small intestine
-duodenum -jejunum -ileum
large intestine function (monogastrics)
-absorb water -forms indigestible waste
Where is feed fermented in equine
cecum
what is crop in poultry
enlargement of esophagus where food’s stored
what is the Rumen (in ruminant)
large fermentation vat where bacteria and protozoa work
What is the reticulum and what’s it’s purpose
-honeycomb -provides additional area for fermentation -interacts with rumen in initiating the mxing
what is the omasum
-just has many folds -no major digestive function
what is the abomasum
the true stomach
dry matter is
the remainder of feed after accounting for moisture
functions of water
-metabolic reactions -transports nutrients -maintain body temp -cell shape
examples of simple carbs
-glucose -fructose -galactose
examples of complex carbs
-cellulose
fats are what at room temp
solid
oils are what at room temp
liquid
how much more energy per pound do fats have than carbohydrates
2.25
what’s the only class that contains nitrogen
proteins
proteins always contain what
C, H, O, N