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Genetics

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (24)

#1
Front (Question)

Physical appearance

Back (Answer)

Phenotype

#2
Front (Question)

Genetic composition

Back (Answer)

Genotype

#3
Front (Question)

Environment

Back (Answer)

Affects how genes are expressed

#4
Front (Question)

DNA codes for specific substance

Back (Answer)

Genes

#5
Front (Question)

Subcomponent of DNA. 2 create a gene

Back (Answer)

Allele

#6
Front (Question)

Homozygous vs. Heterozygous

Back (Answer)

Homozygous dominant: PP Homozygous recessive: pp Heterozygous: Pp

#7
Front (Question)

Two types of traits

Back (Answer)

Qualitative: few genes with little variation. Yes/no ex. Earlobes attached Quantitative: many genes. Expression over a range ex. Weight or height

#8
Front (Question)

Mating of individuals more closely related. Basis for breeds. Not the cause of genetic mutations.

Back (Answer)

Inbreeding

#9
Front (Question)

Concentration on genes of a species ancestor

Back (Answer)

Linebreeding

#10
Front (Question)

Mating of individuals less closely related then the average of the population

Back (Answer)

Outbreeding

#11
Front (Question)

Same breed, but genetically very different

Back (Answer)

Outcrossing

#12
Front (Question)

Same species, but different breed

Back (Answer)

Cross breeding

#13
Front (Question)

Crossbreeding effects

Back (Answer)

Increase reproductive traits, but can decrease economically beneficial traits. Used for meat production in beef, swine, broilers, sheep, and goats

#14
Front (Question)

Breeding different species. Usually unsuccessful, but can create genetically unfit individuals

Back (Answer)

Crossing species

#15
Front (Question)

What is genetic fitness?

Back (Answer)

Ability to reproduce

#16
Front (Question)

Combination of incompatible chromosomes or chromosome numbers. Cells don’t contain same number of chromosomes

Back (Answer)

Chimera

#17
Front (Question)

Average trait of offspring is superior to average of parental breeds.

Back (Answer)

Heterosis

#18
Front (Question)

Deciding parents of next generation

Back (Answer)

Selection

#19
Front (Question)

Occurs in all species. Genes spread slowly

Back (Answer)

Natural mating

#20
Front (Question)

Difficult process with low success. Genes spread by freezing sperm. Turkey, dairy cow, and swine.

Back (Answer)

Artificial insemination

#21
Front (Question)

Expensive and difficult method used to spread genes quickly. Used in some dairy cows

Back (Answer)

Embryo transfer

#22
Front (Question)

Steps of embryo transfer

Back (Answer)

• Superovulate female: hormone increases number of follicles produced. • Embryos are fertilized • Embryos collected in uterus using Foley catheter before zonapellucoda ruptures. • Eggs transferred into recipient in same stage of reproduction

#23
Front (Question)

Transferring half the cells from a viable embryo into an empty zonapellucida

Back (Answer)

Embryo splitting

#24
Front (Question)

Organisms containing 3 haploids

Back (Answer)

Tripliods