Test Review 7
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What does any acid contain?
Any acid has hydrogen.
What is the combustion reaction formula?
Combustion → ? + O → ? + H2O (balance)
What is the most abundant element in the universe?
The most abundant element in the universe is hydrogen.
What are the primary uses of hydrogen commercially?
2 primary uses of hydrogen commercially are in water and hydrogenation.
What does hydrogenation involve?
Hydrogenation involves breaking 2 or 3 bonds to place hydrogen on a molecule.
What is the most abundant element in the Earth’s crust?
The most abundant element in the Earth’s crust is oxygen.
What is an allotrope?
An allotrope is some physical state of the same element with different chemical properties.
What is the purpose of the ozone layer?
The purpose of the ozone layer is to protect from UV rays and the sun.
What is the primary component of air?
The primary component of air is nitrogen (78%).
What is nitrogen fixation?
Nitrogen fixation is when plants take atmospheric nitrogen and convert it to a useful form.
Which bacteria are involved in nitrogen fixation?
Nitrogen fixation is done by bacteria called Rhizobium.
What are the three elements that make fertilizers?
The three elements that make fertilizers are nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K).
What compound is most nitrogen used to make in the USA?
The compound most nitrogen is used to make in the USA is ammonia.
What is the process to produce ammonia?
The process to produce ammonia is the Haber process.
What industrial chemical is produced through the Oswald process?
The industrial chemical produced through the Oswald process is nitric acid.
What are some high-energy nitrogen compounds?
High-energy nitrogen compounds include nitroglycerin, TNT, and RDX.
What are the allotropes of phosphorus?
The allotropes of phosphorus are red (more stable) and white.
What is phosphate used for?
Phosphate is used for phosphoric acid.
What is the primary substance sulfur is used for?
The primary substance sulfur is used for is sulfuric acid.
What is the most reactive halogen?
The most reactive halogen is fluorine.
What ion is responsible for the disinfecting action in household bleach?
The ion responsible for the disinfecting action in household bleach is the hypochlorite ion.
Which group is always found in natural elemental state?
Noble gases are always found in their natural elemental state.
What are the isotopes of hydrogen?
The isotopes of hydrogen are protium and deuterium.
What are the characteristics of hydrogen?
Hydrogen is odorless, colorless, tasteless, and has 3 isotopes.