ELISA Test

Direct ELISA test is when a single antibody complementary to the antigen being tested for

Used two different antibodies (primary and secondary)

HIV antigens is bound to the bottom of the reaction vessel. A blood plasma sample is taken from the patient. If the patient HIV-specific antibodies (Primary antibodies) in the blood plasma will bind to the HIV antigens by as they’re complementary to form a antigen-antibody complex. Vessel is washed to remove unbound antibodies. Secondary antibodies are added with an enzyme attached that bind to the primary antibodies. The reaction vessel is washed again to remove unbound secondary antibodies. Substrate is added that stimulates a reaction between enzyme and substrate and produces colour change

Diagnosis

The same except antibodies are bound to the bottom of the vessel and the secondary antibody with an enzyme binds to the primary antigen

Antibiotics kill bacteria by disrupting cell wall synthesis or metabolic pathways. Viruses do not have a cell or their own metabolic pathway.