Organic Chemistry

Finite resource. Natural substance that is not replenished with the speed at which it is consumed.

Ability to turn from a liquid to a gas very quickly

Carbon containing atoms

Compounds that contain only carbon and hydrogen

Atom/group of atoms that results in a compound undergoing certain characterustic reactions. Determine the chemical properties of a homologous series

The number of protons and electrons in an electrically neutral atom

Very good at bonding due to how its electrons are arranged. Usually has 4 bonds

Family of similar compounds with similar chemical properties due to the presence of the same funcional group.

General formula Functional group Chemical properties Trends in physical properties The difference in the molecular formula between one member and the next is CH2

CnH2n+2

has molecules in which all carbon–carbon bonds are single bonds

has molecules in which one or more carbon–carbon bonds are not single bonds

Alkanes that are missing 1 hydrogen atom

Alkyl groups that do not form part of the longest carbon chain

COOH

Organic compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulas

Combustion Substitution

When there is sufficient oxygen hygrocarbon reacts with oxygen to form water and carbon dioxide, it is exothermique. If the is insufficient oxygen incomplete combustion will occur. there is CO and water formed which is toxic. Balance carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, x2 if there’s a fraction

Alkane+halogen->haloalkane+Hcl/HBr/HI ens. UV light (provides activation energy)

Crude oil National gas consisting mainly of methane Crude oil/petroleum

It is a mixture of hydrocarbons, we separate it in a fractional distillation column by refining it, the more carbon atoms the higher the boiling point and the lower down in the column it is

CH2 They have at least one carbon to double bond

CnH2n

CnH2n-2