First tes

• Invention of microscopes ( To examine evidence and compare.) • Invention of photography ( Don’t have to rely on memory, more details etc) • Ballistic science (Physics of bullet travel, linking bullet to weapon) • Blood-typing DNA (blood groups, DNA)

To make links between a crime and a person

Whenever you touch a place, person, object, there wll be an exchange of materials.

1: Make an observation. = There is soil on the victim’s shoes. 2: Formulate a question = Is the soil local? 3 :Formulate a hypothesis = The soil appears to come from a beach 4: Make a prediction = The soil is a type of sand that comes from a local beach 5 : Design and perfom an experiment = Soil and sand from the beach are compared. 6: Analyze the results = They match 7 : Come to a conclusion. = the soil found on the victim’s shoes comes from the local beach.

They examine the deaths not caused#under the care of a physician. They are in charge of the death investagation aspect of a crime. The duty is to determine : who, when , where, why and how.

1 : Making a first general examination 2: Measuring body temperature ( determine time of death) 3 : Collecting any insects 4 : Directing the photographs of the body 5 : Wrapping the body and transporting it.

Coroners are elected, not need for a medical degree. They can call over an inquest they have investigated. A ME must have a degree, pathologist is best.

To perform the autopsy.

Highly trained police officers. They are the crime scene invesigators. They are trained in crime scene photography, fingerprinting, DNA collection and blood spatter analysis.

They tag the evidence with a computerized system to keep track of the evidence.

They search, ientify and recover trace evidence from the crime scene

Forensic biology ( dna) Forensic chemestry( analyse soil), forensic toxicologist ( bodily fluids), document analysis ( bruh ), Firearms and toolmark analysis.

• Forensic Odontologist ( teeth) • Forensic anthropologist ( bones ) • Forensic artist • Criminal profiler ( analyse and profile offenders) • Forensic psyhologist ( evalute) • Forensic entomologist ( insects) • Forensic botanist ( plants) • Forensic engineer • Forensic nursing • Fire investagitors

Primary : where the crime happened Secondary : linked to the crime

• Protect themselves and anyone present • Assist any victimes • Arest the perpetrator if possible • Detain the witnesses present • Guard evidence from damage • Document everything that occurs at the crime scene • Seperate suspects

At miminum, it must have : • The place where the crime occurrued • The exit, entrance, and possible escape routes • Place where important pieces of evidence are found • Areas where evidence may have been discarded or moved. They also secure the scene and document every one getting in or out.

For the investigation and for the trial.

• Notes ( document each pictures, written with blue or black ink) • Photographs ( must include points of references) • Sketches ( fixed points to determinate the lenght of stuff, must show the relationship of each item to the the body) Video is used but not a main one.

They pretend the crime was an accident. Often, murder looks like suicide and arson is used.

Direct establishes a fact, less reliable ex: eye witness. Circumstantial requires indirect judgment. hair, fingerprints etc.

Physical : non living evidence (FINGERPRINTS!) Bio : living evidence (Dna)

It helps investigators understand what happened during the crime. who did what, where, when and how ( shoeprint, broken window etc)

It links a suspect to a crime scene : blood, fingerprints etc.

Class is a group such as blood type, or guns. Individual is one person only, like fingerprints.