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ChemPath: Nutrition

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (24)

#1
Front (Question)

State the manifestation of Vitamin A (retinol) deficiency.

Back (Answer)

Colour blindness

#2
Front (Question)

State the manifestation of Vitamin D (cholecalciferol) deficiency.

Back (Answer)

Osteomalacia/rickets

#3
Front (Question)

State the manifestation of Vitamin E (tocopherol) deficiency.

Back (Answer)

Anaemia, neuropathy

#4
Front (Question)

State the manifestation of viatmine K (phytomenadione) deficiency.

Back (Answer)

Defective clotting

#5
Front (Question)

State the manifestation of Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) deficiency.

Back (Answer)

Beri-beri Neuropathy Wernicke syndrome

#6
Front (Question)

State the manifestation of Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) deficiency.

Back (Answer)

Glossitis

#7
Front (Question)

State the manifestation of Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) deficiency.

Back (Answer)

Dermatitis, anaemia

#8
Front (Question)

State the manifestation of Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) deficiency.

Back (Answer)

Pernicious anaemia

#9
Front (Question)

State the manifestation of Vitamin C deficiency.

Back (Answer)

Scurvy

#10
Front (Question)

State the manifestation of Folate deficiency.

Back (Answer)

Megaloblastic anaemia, NTD

#11
Front (Question)

State the manifestation of Vitamin B3 (niacin) deficiency.

Back (Answer)

Pellagra

#12
Front (Question)

State the manifestation of an excess of Vitamin A.

Back (Answer)

Exfoliation, hepatitis

#13
Front (Question)

State the manifestation of Vitamin D excess.

Back (Answer)

Hypercalcaemia

#14
Front (Question)

State the manifestation of Vitamin B6 excess.

Back (Answer)

Neuropathy

#15
Front (Question)

State the manifestation of Vitamin C excess.

Back (Answer)

Renal stones

#16
Front (Question)

Which tests are used for the following vitamin derangements? • Vitamin K • Vitamin B1 • Vitamin B2 • Vitamin B6 • Folate

Back (Answer)

• Vitamin K = PT • Vitamin B1 = RBC transketolase • Vitamin B2 = RBC glutathione reductase • Vitamin B6 = RBC AST activation • Folate = RBC folate

#17
Front (Question)

What are the two forms of Beri-beri? Describe them.

Back (Answer)

• Wet - characterised by cardiovascular disease (patients have oedema and other features of heart failure) • Dry - characterised by neurological disease (may have Wernicke’s syndrome)

#18
Front (Question)

What are the main features of pellagra?

Back (Answer)

• Dementia • Diarrhoea • Dermatitis

#19
Front (Question)

State the manifestations of the following deficiencies in trace elements. • Iron • Iodine • Zinc • Copper • Fluoride

Back (Answer)

• Iron - anaemia • Iodine - goitre, hypothyroidism • Zinc - dermatitis • Copper - anaemia • Fluoride - dental caries (NOTE: excess causes fluorosis)

#20
Front (Question)

What is the recommended division between fats, carbohydrates and proteins in a normal diet?

Back (Answer)

Carbohydrate: 50% Fats: 33% Protein: 17%

#21
Front (Question)

Describe the adiponectin levels in obese people.

Back (Answer)

Reduced - this leads to insulin resistance NOTE: insulin causes a slight increase in satiety and thermogenesis

#22
Front (Question)

What are the effects of leptin, ghrelin and PYY?

Back (Answer)

• Leptin - anti-hunger hormone • Ghrelin - hunger hormone • PYY - satiety hormone produced by the intestines

#23
Front (Question)

What waist circumference is associated with increased risk in men and women?

Back (Answer)

Men > 94 cm (major risk > 102 cm) Women > 80 cm (major risk > 88 cm)

#24
Front (Question)

Define and give an example of: • Indespensable protein • Conditionally indispensable protein • Dispensable protein

Back (Answer)

• Indespensable protein = cannot be made in the body and must be obtained from the diet e.g. leucine • Conditionally indispensable protein = can by synthesised at certain stages in your life (e.g. very young, pregnancy) e.g. cysteine • Dispensable protein = can be produced by the body • There are 6: alanine, aspartic acid, asparagine, glutamic acid, serine and selenocysteine