Final Exam
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domestication of livestock species
Source of Food Source of Power Protection and rodent control
first domesticated species
dog
transcription
The process of reading DNA to make complementary RNA
translation
the process of using the information from mRNA to assemble amino acids into proteins
phenotype
the physical expression of the genotype, interaction between genotype and the environment
genotype
the actual genetic makeup of the animal
genome
All genetic information of an animal
genes
contain alleles
chromosomes
large molecules containing the genes of living things DNA: deoxyribonucleic acid
homozygous
Animals with the same alleles at a given location on a chromosome
heterozygous
Animals with different alleles at a given location on a chromosome
dominant
one member of a gene pair is expressed in exclusion to the other
incomplete dominance
occurs when there is no dominant allele and both are expressed as an intermediate when individual is heterozygous
epistasis
the interaction of two or more genes at different locations
recessive
the member of a gene pair that is only expressed when the dominant allele is absent from the genome
mitosis
Two equal daughter cells
meiosis
The process of division that cells go through to form sperm or ovum
inbreeding
Increases the homozygosity in the herd Mates closely related individuals Can result in a depression in production Increases the likelihood of expressing recessive genes
outcrossing
crossbreeding
Results in increased heterosis
heterosis/ hybrid vigor
hyperplasia
increase in the number of cells
hypertrophy
an increase in cell size
order of fat deposition