-1B: ATP
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what is atp?
immediate source of energy for a cell
ATP - bg?
-plants + animals release energy from glucose during respiration -cells cannot directly use glucose as an energy source -use energy released from glucose to create ATP
what does ATP stand for?
adenosine triphosphate
structure of ATP?
-derivative of nucleotide: modified form of a nucleotide -base, adenine, bonded to ribose sugar + 3 phosphate groups
how do parts of the cell that require energy receive it?
-once made, ATP diffuses into parts of the cell that need it -energy stored in bonds between phosphate groups -> released by hydrolysis
when energy is needed, what is ATP hydrolysed into?
-ADP + Pi -adenosine diphosphate + inorganic phosphate ion
what is this hydrolysed by?
-hydrolysis reaction (addition of water) -using ATP hydrolase to catalyse reaction
what can ATP hydrolysis + Pi be used for?
-ATP hydrolysis -> used for help in other energy requiring reactions, so energy released can be directly used to make other coupled reaction occur rather than being wasted as heat energy -Pi -> be added to other compounds (phosphorylation) making compound more reactive
ATP can be re-synthesised, how?
-condensation reaction between ADP + Pi -catalysed by ATP synthase -release molecule of water + used in photosynthesis + respiration