Lipids Exam 3
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Lipids are ____ in water but ____ in organic solvents
insoluble ; soluble
Triglycerides consist of
fatty acids + glycerol major storage form
Phospholipids consist of
glycerol backbone 2 fatty acids + phosphoric acid group
Sterol characteristics
Cholesterol most important serves as backbone for steroids vitamin d - 2/3 esterified form
What is a lipoprotein made up of?
Triglycerides and cholesterol (mix of apoliproteins)
What is the main role of lipoproteins?
Delivery of fuel to peripheral cells; “core” being the cargo
What is the largest and least dense of all lipoprotein particles?
Chylomicrons
Chylomicrons are produced by
Intestine and packaged with absorbed dietary lipids.
The principle role of chylomicrons is
the delivery of dietary lipids into hepatic and peripheral cells
Chylomicrons transport _____ from the _____ to the _____
Triglycerides ; intestine ; adipose cells
Apoliprotein B-48 is associated with
Chylomicrons
Very low density lipoproteins (pre beta) are made up of
mostly triglycerides
Which lipoprotein is a major carrier of endogenous triglycerides into peripheral tissue during fasting for energy and storage?
Very low density lipoproteins
APO protein B-100 associated with
Very low density lipoproteins Low density lipoproteins Lipoprotein A
Which lipoprotein is found in patients with type 3 hyperlipoproteinemia?
Intermediate Density Lipoproteins
Hyperlipoproteinemia puts patients at risk for
peripheral vascular disease (PVD) and Coronary Artery disease (CAD), and damages vessel wall like LDL
LDL or Beta is made up of
Cholesterol, and principally carries it.
What lipoprotein was formed as a consequence of lipolysis of VLDL?
LDL
Where is LDL readily taken up?
via LDL receptor in liver and peripheral cells
What lipoproteins are better markers for CHD risk?
the 8 LDL subclasses that are separated by ultracentrifugation or electrophoresis
Elevated levels of this lipoprotein increase risk of premature CHD and Stroke
Lipoprotein A (>30 mg/dl)
Lipoprotein A competes with _____ for binding sites on endothelium and on fibrin, which promotes clotting (stroke)
Plasminogen
Who should get their Lipoprotein A measured?
Strong family history of CHD Developed CHD on statin therapy Premature Aortic stenosis (high lp(a) levels)
What lipoprotein is the smallest and most dense and removes cholesterol from cells and takes it to the liver for removal?
High density Lipoproteins (reverse cholesterol transport)