Rates of Reaction - C8
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What is the equation for rate of reaction
= Amount of reactant used or product formed / Time
What units are used for rate of reaction
g/s and cm3/s
What is rate of reaction
It is a measure of the change in a reaction per unit time
How do you measure the rate at a certain point of a graph
You draw a tangent off that point
What is activation energy
It is the minimum amount of energy the particles need to react together
How can rate of reaction be increased
Increasing the frequency of collisions Increasing the energy of collisions Lowering the activation energy
What factors affect rate of reaction
Temperature Catalyst Surface Area Concentration
Why does temperature affect rate of reaction
It gives particles more energy causing them to go faster This causes more frequent collisions Collisions have more energy
What is concentration
A measure of the number of particles of a substance in a certain volume
Why does concentration affect rate of reaction
More particles, so more frequent collisions
What is a catalyst
It is a substance that speeds up chemical reactions without being used up This works by providing an alternative reaction pathway which has a lower activation energy
Why does catalysts affect the rate of reaction
Because it lowers the activation energy for the reaction This means that particles can react even with moderate amounts of energy
Why does Surface Area affect rate of reaction
More reactant is exposed so more frequent collisions
What method can you use for surface area
Loss in mass method
What method can you use for temperature
The cross at the bottom of the flask method
What method can you use for concentration
Gas syringe method
What is a reversible reaction
It is a reaction which once completed can react backwards to form the original reactants
If the forward reaction is endothermic, what is the reverse reaction
exothermic
What is a salt
A compound formed when hydrogen is replaced by a metal
What is water of crystallsation
It is water molecules contained in crystalline lattice
What is a hydrated salt
It is a salt with water of crystalline
What is a anhydrous salt
It is a salt where water of crystalline is not present
What is dynamic equilibrium
It is when the rate of the forward reaction is the same as the rate of the backward reaction in a closed system
What is Le Chatelier’s Principle
That when a change in condition is introduced to a system at equilibrium, the position of the equilibrium shifts to cancel out the change