UNIT 2 - Homologous Series & UNIT 3 -Plastics
No description yet. This curated deck is ready for daily study.
Card preview (24)
what is the Homologous series?
a family of compounds with the same general formula and similar chemical properties that show a gradual change in physical properties
what do alkanes, alkenes, and cyloalkanes, all belong to?
they all belong to different homologous series
what are hydrocarbons?
molecules which consist of hydrogen and carbon atoms only
what is molecular formual?
formula which shows the number of atoms of the different elements which are present in one molecule of a substance
what is full structural formula?
a 2D drawing of a 3D molecule, it shows the atoms present and the position of the covalent bonds
what is shortened structural formula?
formula which shows the position of the atoms in the molecule without showing the bonds
what are the first 8 alkanes in order?
methane, ethane, propane, butane, pentane, hexane, heptane, and octane
what are alkanes?
-a subset of saturated hydrocarbons, -all end in -ane -only contain carbon to carbon single bonds -have the general formula Cₙ H₂ₙ + ₂ -are insoluble in water -are commonly used as fuels
what are isomers?
molecules which have the same molecular formula but different structural formula
what are branches with 1-methyl???
it is a bend in the chain, not a branch
what is a physical property?
something which can be observed or measured
what is a boiling point?
the temperature at which a liquid turns into a gas
what happens as the number of carbon atoms increase?
the boiling point increases
what are intermolecular forces?
they are small forces of attraction that exist between molecules
what is a chemical property?
its a property that becomes evident during a chemical reaction
what is flammability?
it is ease of combustion
what happens as chain length increases?
the flammability decreases
why are smaller alkanes more flammable?
because they can mix with oxygen in the air
what do alkanes undergo with the oxygen in the air?
combustion
what is the test for water?
turns cobalt chloride from blue to pink
in a plentiful supply of oxygen, what do alkanes burn to produce?
carbon dioxide and water
in a limited supply of oxygen, what do alkanes burn to produce?
carbon, carbon monoxide and water
what is a saturated hydrocarbon?
it is a hydrocarbon in which all carbon-to-carbon covalent bonds are single bonds
what are cycloalkanes?
-a subset of saturated, cyclic hydrocarbons -all end in -ane -have the general formula Cₙ H₂ₙ