Lecture 10
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What is a social behaviors
Interaction between SAME species
What is the dilution effect
Less risk of predation in a group.
What are benefits of group living
Cooperation in look outs and hunting Mating availability
What is a lek
A place where males congregate to do a mating dance.
what are the costs of group living
Easier to locate in predation Parasitism Competition (limited food) Increased expendeture of resources
What are advantages to territories
Less competition for food and mates
What is the disadvantage to territory.
More energy spent defending
When do dominance hierarchies occur
When there are too many conspecifics to fend off. Resources are short lived. Group benefits outweigh territorial benefits.
How is rank determined
Short, ritualized confrontation Saves energy
Who is the donor
Giver of a behavior
Who is the recipient
Reciever of the behavior
when does the donor benefit
Cooperation and selfishness
When does the donor lose fitness
Altruism and spitefulness.
When does altruism exist
In indirect fitness
what is the coefficient of relatedness
How likely you are to share genes with someone.
How is kin slection measured.
By how much fitness you gain from propogating someonelses offspring.
When is altruism possible.
When the cost of the donor is less then the benefit given multiplied by the coefficient of relatedness.
Why will turkeys help out the dominant brother?
Their fitness is greater than when they try to propogate on their own.
What Qualifies eusocial groups.
Multiple adults together Overlapping generations Cooperation in brood care Reproductive dominance by a few individuals
T/F there are distinct classes in eusocial groups.
Often true
What is haplodiploidy
When sex is determined by being haploid or diploid
Why are bees more likely to help their sisters”
They are more closely related to sisters than they are to offspring
Why don’t offspring branch off in eusocial groups when they are all diploid
Their fitness is significantly less when they leave the group.