Amino Acids and Proteins
No description yet. This curated deck is ready for daily study.
Card preview (24)
What are amino acids? What is the overall net charge?
• basic structures of at least one of both amino + carboxyl acid groups • Chains = polypeptides = proteins • Overall charge is NEUTRAL (Zwitterions)
True or false: Essential amino acids must be consumed
true
What are conditional amino acids?
may have one other type (infants have issues with this type) • Need one other type (of amino acid?) before you can make a certain amino acid
True or false: R groups differ via their side chains and can be covalently linked
true
what is the avg number of amino acids in plasma determined by nucleotide basis?
100 -150 amino acids
What are the levels of organization in amino acids?
Primary: sequence of chains Secondary: pleated sheets/ALPHA HELIX (Adds new prop/strength/flexibility) Tertiary: Folds (gives shape) Quaternary: 3D, more than one chain, attaching through side chains (hydrophobic and disulfide bonds)
Physical and chemical properties are related to which level of organization in amino acids?
3 - folds (gives shape)
Does every amino acid have 4 levels of organization?
No
What is Denaturation?
causes the denaturing of amino acids via, heat, urea, light, disturbances…etc
Protein digestion, approx. what % of amino acids and proteins need to be eaten?
Half
True or false: the stomach uses pepside to break down pepsin into proteins
False: it uses pepsin to breakdown proteins into peptides
True or false: the small intestine uses peptides which are broken into amino acids then are sent off into the blood stream
true
Define Amino Acid Apathies
inherited enzyme defect that inhibits metabolism of amino acids and causes severe medical conditions
True or false: Blood samples should be drawn 6 - to - 8 hour fast, and collected in EDTA tubes
FASLE, the hours is correct but they are drawn into heparin tubes and the plasma is removed approx 2 hr
When does deprotenization occur after blood samples are drawn in a heparin tube? At what temperature do they freeze?
Time: 30 min Freezes at 20 - 40 degrees celsius
What are some properties of proteins?
200 - 300 amino acids Molecular size- 6,000 - 1,000 Da Insulin is 600 Da
T/F: the more negative a protein is, the more easily it is dissolved
False, the more positive the more easily dissolved
What is the isoelectric point?
No net charge, acidic or basic
What is aDsorption?
ability of water to cling to surface, osmotic equalibrium (albumin)
proteins catalyze all living reactions, what are some examples?
Transport of metals hormone receptors immune responses
What sets proteins apart in terms of properties?
They include COHNS Carbon, oxygen, Hydrogen, NITROGEN..etc Nitrogen is the big one
What are simple protein groups?
polypetides of only amino acids
Describe Globular protein groups
symetrical, soluble in saline, albumin/globulins/histones/protamines
Describe fibrous protein groups
Asymetrical, water insoluble, not found in blood collagens/elastin/keratins