C11 - Polymerisation
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polymers
a substance made from very large molecules - made up of many repeating parts
monomer
small reactive molecules -react together in repeating sequences to form polymers
ethene
smallest unsaturated hydrocarbon -used in polythene
polythene use
plastic bags bottles cling film
poly(propene) use
rope carpet tougher plastic
forming polymers
alkene’s double carbon bond opens up -thousands of molecule attac
addition polymerisation atom economy
100% -as only one product is made
examples of products made from condensation polymerisation
polyester nylon
nylon
strong lightweight
condensation polymerisation
-makes 2 products polymer and small molecule
condensation polymerisation small molecule
H20 HCL
Addition polymerisation
addition polymer
condensation polymerisation
condensation polymer + small molecule
Polyester
-1 alcohol monomer -1 carboxylic acid monomer
General formula for polyester
diol + dicarboxylic acid = polyester + water
di in dicarboxylic acid
means 2 -COOH groups
nylon’s small molecule
HCL
condensation polymerisation monomers
-2 diff monomers (OH and COOH) -2 same functional groups (2 -OH and 2 -COOH)
glucose formula
C6H12O6
carbohydrates formula
Cx (H2O)y
monosaccharide
monomers for polysaccharides
eg of monosaccharide
glucose -one sugar unit
eg of polysaccharides
starch cellulose
cellulose chain configuration
-straight chains -neatly stacked -stronger inter molecular forces