UNIT 2 - Everyday Consumer Products
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Describe alcohols:
-contain the hydroxyl (-OH) functional group -have names ending in ‘-ol’ -saturated straight chains have the general formula (CnH2n+1OH) -Have low boiling points and evaporate easily -Are very effective solvents -Are highly flammable and burn with a clear blue flame to produce CO2 and water
What is a physical property?
Something that can be observed or measured
What is a boiling point?
The temperature at which a liquid turns into a gas
What is miscibility?
The ability of one liquid to mix with (dissolve in) another liquid
What are methanol, ethanol, and propanol in water?
They are miscible in water. Thereafter, the solubility decreases as size increases
What is a chemical property?
It is a property that becomes evident during a chemical reaction
What is an exothermic reaction?
It is a reaction in which energy is released into the surroundings
What is an endothermic reaction?
It is a reaction in which energy is absorbed from the surroundings
What is combustion?
The burning of a fuel in the presence of oxygen
What do alkanes and alcohols release when they undergo combustion?
They release vast amounts of energy, they are excellent fuels
What is the equation for calculating the energy released in a reaction?
Eh = cm ΔT
What is the value of ‘c’ in an energy calculation for water?
4.18 (ALWAYS)