ECOLOGICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY

The study of the ecology of infectious diseases. It includes population and community level studies of the interactions between hosts and their pathogens and parasites and covers disease of both humans and wildlife.

Kills up to 90% of its human victims. A global outbreak killed ¼ of all the gorillas.

_____________ is caused by a prion, it is one of a family of irreversible, degenerative neurological diseases known as _____________

Tropical diseases such as ______, _______, _________, and ______, have been moving into areas from which they were formerly absent as mosquitoes, rodents, and other vectors expand into new habitat.

The ________ ___________ that causes malaria is now resistant to most drugs, while the mosquitoes that transmit it have developed resistance to many insecticides.

They are given when the person could recover fully without them, and starting and not finishing a full prescription. They do not work against certain diseases.

The study of toxins (poisons) and their effects, particularly on living systems because many substances are known to be poisonous to life.

Ecotoxicology is a broad field, drawing from ___________, _________, __________, _______ and many other disciplines.

They damage or kill living organisms because they react with cellular components to disrupt metabolic functions. They are harmful even in extremely dilute Concentrations. In some cases, billionths, or even trillionths of a gram can cause irreversible damage.

Are immune-activating agents

It is an excellent example of a widely used chemical that is a potent sensitizer of the immune system.

___________ is a situation in which the occcupants of a building experience acute health- or comfort-related effects that seem to be linked directly to the time spent in the building.

Some people who suffer from ________ _______ _______ have headaches, allergies, and chronic fatigue, and other symptoms caused by improperly ventilated indoor air contaminate with carbon monoxide, mold spores, nitrogen oxide, formaldehyde, and any other pollutants emitted from carpets, furnitures, fabrics, and construction materials and other sources.

Suppress the immune system.

PCBs

Chemicals that disrupt the natural activity of hormones.

Are chemicals released by cells into the bloodstreams in one part of the body to regulate the function and development of tissues and organs in the body.

Have similar shapes to natural hormones and amply their effects

Known to be a hormone mimic used for Plastic products ranging from water bottles to tooth protecting sealants. Can also cause abnormal chromosome numbers which is the leading cause of miscarriages and several forms of mental retardation.

It also is an environmental estrogen and may alter sexual development for both males and females.

PETE

HDPE

PVC

LDPE