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Organic Analysis: Test Tube Reactions

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Total cards: 16•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (16)

#1
Front (Question)

What reagent is used to test for an alkene?

Back (Answer)

Bromine water

#2
Front (Question)

Observation for a positive alkene test with bromine water?

Back (Answer)

Orange/brown solution decolourises to colourless

#3
Front (Question)

Why does bromine water decolourise with alkenes? (Br2 + acrs. C=C - add. rctn.)

Back (Answer)

Bromine adds across the C=C double bond in an addition reaction

#4
Front (Question)

How do you test for a halogenoalkane? (add. NaOH + wrm - add dlte. HNO3 acdfy. - add AgNO3 - pos. rslt. frm. prcpte. AgX slvr hlde. frms)

Back (Answer)

• Add NaOH (aq) and warm • Then add dilute HNO3 to acidify • Then add AgNO3 (aq) A positive result will form a precipitate of AgX (silver halide) forms

#5
Front (Question)

What reagent is used to oxidise alcohols in organic tests?

Back (Answer)

Acidified potassium dichromate (H⁺/K₂Cr₂O₇)

#6
Front (Question)

What is the colour change when acidified potassium dichromate oxidises a primary or secondary alcohol?

Back (Answer)

Orange to green

#7
Front (Question)

What does it indicate if acidified potassium dichromate remains orange after adding an alcohol?

Back (Answer)

The alcohol is tertiary (no oxidation occurs)

#8
Front (Question)

Why do tertiary alcohols not change the colour of acidified potassium dichromate?

Back (Answer)

They cannot be oxidised under normal conditions

#9
Front (Question)

What happens when propan - 1 - ol/propan - 2 - ol is hated with acidified potassium dichromate?

Back (Answer)

The solution turns from orange to green due to oxidation

#10
Front (Question)

What reagent is used to distinguish between an aldehyde and a ketone?

Back (Answer)

Tollens’ reagent

#11
Front (Question)

What is the positive result when Tollens’ reagent reacts with an aldehyde?

Back (Answer)

Formation of a silver mirror

#12
Front (Question)

Why do aldehydes react with Tollens’ reagent but ketones do not?

Back (Answer)

Aldehydes are readily oxidised, whereas ketones are no

#13
Front (Question)

What is the result when Tollens’ reagent is added to a ketone?

Back (Answer)

No visible change

#14
Front (Question)

How can you test for a carboxylic acid functional group?

Back (Answer)

Add a carbonate (e.g. sodium carbonate)

#15
Front (Question)

What is the observation when a carboxylic acid reacts with sodium carbonate?

Back (Answer)

Effervescence (bubbles of CO₂ gas)

#16
Front (Question)

What are the products when a carboxylic acid reacts with a carbonate?

Back (Answer)

A salt, carbon dioxide and water