27.1 Amines
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What is an amine?
organic compounds derived from ammonia when H atoms are replaced.
What is the formula of ammonia?
:NH3
Why is there a lone pair on the Nitrogen of Ammonia?
nitrogen is in group 5, so has 5 outer electrons. uses 3 outer electrons in covalent bonding, leaves 2 unpaired electrons on N.
What is an aliphatic amine?
amine where N is attached to (straight chain/branched) alkyl group(s)
What do you call an amine attached to one or more alkyl groups?
aliphatic amine
What is an aromatic amine?
amine where N atom is attached to aromatic ring
What do you call an amine attached to an aromatic ring?
aromatic amine
What is a primary amine?
Amine formed by substituting 1 H atom in NH3 with R groups
What is a secondary amine?
Amine formed by substituting 2 H atoms in NH3 with R groups
What is a tertiary amine?
Amine formed by substituting 3 H in NH3 with R groups
What degree is this amine?
primary (because only 1 H is replaced)
What degree is this amine?
secondary (because only 2 H atoms are replaced)
What degree is this amine?
tertiary (because 3 H have been replaced)
What is the IUPAC name for this molecule?
ethylamine
What is the IUPAC name for this molecule?
propylamine
What is the IUPAC name for this molecule?
2-aminobutane
What is the IUPAC name for this molecule?
2-methylpropylamine
What is the IUPAC name for this molecule?
2-aminoheptane
What is the IUPAC name for this molecule?
N-methylpropylamine
What is the IUPAC name for this molecule?
N-ethyl-N-methylpropylamine
Are amines acidic or basic? Explain why.
basic can act as proton acceptor since H+ can form dative covalent bond with N
Amine + Proton ⟶
ammonium ion
NH3 + H+ ⟶
NH4+
What is the formula of ammonium?
NH4+