Fundamentals of programming

defines the type of data that a variable or object can hold

data types created by the programmer for a specific problem

reference data type are used as stores for memory addresses of objects created at runtime

any whole number {8, 35)

numbers with a decimal point and a fractional part {2.0, 19.234)

one of two values {true or false}

a letter, number or symbol in the given character set {h, 6, $}

sequence of characters {hello world !}

changing the data type

all lines are executed

decisions made that determines the execution

code is repeated until specified conditions are met

exact number of iterations known

iterates dependent on condition

locations in the memory containing single values

identifiers with values that remain fixed with values that remain fixed during the programs execution

ability to update readability compiler optimisation

remainder 12 mod 5 gives 2

how many times 17 div 5 gives 3

takes boolean inputs and evaluate to a boolean value

string subject = “Computer Science” subject.length = 16 subject.upper = COMPUTER SCIENCE subject.lower = compuer science subject.substring(0,8) = Computer

events that occur during the executions of a program that disrupts the normal flow of the programs instructions (sometimes cant be avoided and would normally terminate the program)

to provide an alternative code if an exception is raised (e.g. try and catch)

stores the memory address of another variable