Chapter 12
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Transporters have moving parts that can..
change shape to shift molecules from one side of membrane to other
Channel Protiens form..
tiny pores so solutes can pass through
what is it called when solutes pass through tiny pores
simple diffusion
A molecules ability to diffuse through, depends on what
1.size 2.polarity 3.hydrophobicity
How do molecules that cant diffuse pass through the plasma membrane?
with a transport protein
what ratio of small, non-polar molecules pass through a membrane?
Most, but not some.
what ratio of larger, uncharged polar molecules pass through a membrane?
some, but not most
what ratio of small, uncharged polar molecules pass through a membrane?
some, and not some. fairly even amount
what ratio of IONS pass through a membrane?
none pass through.
What are some examples of small, non-polar molecules that can pass through a membrane?
O2, CO2, N2, Steroid Hormones
What are some examples of small, uncharged molecules that can pass through a membrane?
H2O, ethanol, glycerol
What are examples of IONS that can’t pass through a membrane?
H+, Na+, K+, Ca2+ Cl-, Mg2+, HCO3-
What are some examples of larger, uncharged polar molecules that can pass through a membrane?
Amino Acids, Glucose, Nucleosides
What are the 2 types of transport proteins?
• Transporters • Channel Proteins
What do “transporters” transport
they only transport solutes (water-soluble molecules) that bind to their binding sites with high specificity
What does the binding of ions to the binding sites of transporters, do (to make it transport that ion)
The binding of the ion to the binding site of that transporter; changes the protein’s conformation, which transports the ion
ion binding to the binding site of that transporter; changes the protein’s conformation, which transports the ion; in one of two ways. What are they?
• Passive Transport • Active Transport
What is Passive Transport?
when a solute travels from an area of high concentration to one of low concentration. No energy is required
What is Active Transport?
When a solute travels from an area of low concentration to one of a high concentration. Energy is required for this
What are the 3 types of transporters (based on amt of subs)
• Uniport 2.Symport 3.Antiport
Define the Uniport Transporter
Uniport transporters only transport 1 substance
Define the Antiport Transporter
Antiport transporters, transport 2 substances, in oposite directions
Define Symport Transporters
Antiport transporters, transport 2 substances, both in the same direction
The flow of ion movement depends on what
The electrochemical gradient