Structure and Bonding of Proteins
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What happens when two amino acids react together, what reaction takes place?
They form a dipeptide and water, after a condensation reaction
Which groups react to form a peptide bond?
The -COOH group and the –NH₂ (amine) group
What is formed when many amino acids join together?
A polypeptide
What is a peptide bond? (bnd. frmd. btwn. C grp. 1AA + amn. grp. anthr. w/ lss. wtr.)
A bond formed between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amine group of another with the loss of water
What is the structure of a peptide link?
-CONH-
Why can two different amino acids from two different dipeptides?
Because they can join in different orders, forming different sequences
Why do two different amino acids produce two possible products?
Each amino acid can act as either the one providing the carboxyl group or the amine group, leading to different arrangements
How can a peptide bond be broken?
By hydrolysis, where water is added
What is meant by an amino acid residue?
The remaining part of an amino acid after it has formed a peptide bond
Why is the product no longer called an amino acid after bonding?
It has reacted and is now part of a chain, so it is called an amino acid residue
How can a peptide chain continue to grow?
It has an amine group at one end and a carboxylic acid group at the other, it can react with more amino acids
What is a dipeptide?
A molecule formed from two amino acids joined by one peptide link
What is a tripeptide?
A molecule formed from three amino acids joined by two peptide link
What is a tetrapeptide?
A chain containing four amino acid residues
What is a polypeptides?
A chain containing approx 5-50 amino aicd residues
When does a polypeptide become a protein?
When it contains more than 50 amino acid residues