Properties of metals
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What do all metals allow electrical charge
Metals all allow electric charge to pass through them easily
What are the moving charges called
Moving charges are negatively-charged particles called electrons
What can free electrons do and why can they
Free electrons can carry current from one side of the metal to the other. Because they conduct well, Metals are often used to make wire and parts of electrical circuits
Give the stages for metal conducting electricity
• The ‘hot’ particle vibrate strongly • Because the particles are very close together, the vibrations are easily passed on through the metal • Free electrons also help transfer energy from the hot part of the metal to the cooler parts as they move around • This is why you get things like saucepans made out of metal, energy from the hob passes easily through the pan and cooks your food
Give points for metals being strong, tough and shiny and sonorous
• Metals have high tensile strength (They can be pulled hard without breaking) • This is because there are strong forces between metal atoms that hold them together • So they make good building material • Polished or freshly cut metal give strong reflection of light form their smooth surface • Metals can make loud gong sounds
Give the point for metals being malleable and ductile
Malleable - Metals are easily shaped because the atoms inside metals can slide over each other - This means melts can be hammered on thin sheet or bent without shattering Ductile - This means they can be drawn into wires - Metals aren’t brittle like non-metals they just bend and stretch
Give the points for metals having high melting points and boiling points, and densities
Melting and boiling points - A lot of energy is needed to melt metals Because their atoms are joined up with strong metals Densities - Density is how much is squeezed into a certain space - Metals feel heavy for their size because their atoms are tightly packed into a small volume
Give the melting (MP) and boiling points (BP) for: Aluminum Copper Magnesium Iron Zinc Silver
Aluminum - 660 (MP) 2520 (BP) Copper - 1085 (MP) 2562 (BP) Magnesium - 650 (MP) 1090 (BP) Iron - 1538 (MP) 2861 (BP) Zinc - 420 (MP) 907 (BP) Silver - 962 (MP) 2162 (BP)
Give the points for metals making alloys when mixed with other materials
• A combination of different metals is called an alloy. The properties of the metals get jumbled up in the new alloy • Lighter, weaker metals can be mixed with heavier, stronger metals and the result ,hopefully, is a light and strong alloy
Give the points for metals being magnetic
• Only certain metals are magnetic • Most metals aren’t magnetic. Iron, nickel and cobalt are. Alloys made with these 3 can be magnetic