Reproductive System
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ovary shape/size, what does it consist of, what does it produce
• Bean shaped • Horse: 4-8cm x 4-6cm (breeding season) • Fibrous capsule • Ova fossa • Produce estrogen • Tunica albuginea • Ovarian cortex • Ovarian medulla
fibrous capsule in ovary
protective layer
ova fossa in ovary
area where ovulation occurs
tunica albuginea in ovary
outer single cell layer
ovarian cortex in ovary
oocytes, corpus luteum, corpora albicans
ovarian medulla in ovary
blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic tissue
where is the ovarian medulla
in the ovary in the middle (more on the inside)
where is the ovarian cortex in the ovary
more on the outside
inside the ovarian cortex
• Primary oocyte • Secondary oocyte within a follicle • Graafian follicle (pre-ovulatory follicle) –> Ovulation • Corpus luteum (gelbkörper) • Corpora albicans (degenerating corpus lutea)
uterus what does it consist of
• A body and two horns • Wall consists of three layers • Outer: connective tissue layer • Middle: muscle layer • Inner: mucosa, called endometrium -> epithelial cell layer
uterus functions
• Sperm/semen transport • Luteolysis (production PGF2α breakdown CL) • Environment for attachment of embryo • Maternal contribution to the placenta • Expulsion of the fetus and fetal placenta
cervix
• Thick-walled connective tissue • Lined by a series of folds
cervix functions
• Seal/barrier (tightly closed during anestrus) • Let sperm pass (flowering, thinner sections)
order of movement of the ovum
Ovary, oviduct, uterus horn, uterus body, cervix, vagina, vulva
where does fetilization take place
oviduct
how long is the cycle
21 days
what happens on day 0 of the cycle
ovulation
what happens on day 5 of the cycle
progesterone level rises
what happens on day 16 of the cycle
Prostaglandin F2α -> makes CL regress
what happens on day 21 of the cycle
CL disappears
when is LH the highest in the cycle
shortly before ovulation
when is progesterone the highest in the cycle
from day 10 to 17
when is oestrogen the highest in the cycle
before ovulation
when is GnRH the highest in the cycle
day 7