Core practials
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How would you set up an experiment for the electrolysis of copper sulphate solution using inert electrodes?
• [Draw diagram as displayed on pg 139] * Anode and cathode in CuSO4 solution. • Set up equipment shown as in the diagram above. • Turn on the power supply to allow a potential difference to flow through the solution. • At the** cathode, copper metal** is produced, since it is less reactive than hydrogen, and coats the electrode. • At the anode, oxygen and** water** molecules are produced since there aren’t any halide ions present meaning the OH- molecules are oxidised and loose electrons.
How do you set up an experiment for the electrolysis of copper sulphate using non-inert electrodes?
• [Draw diagram as shown on pg140] * Anode an cathode are made from copper and in a CuSO4 solution. • Set up equipment as shown in the diagram. • Turn on the power supply and allow the potential difference to flow thorugh the solution. • The cell should be left for around 30 minutes to ensure a measurable change in mass. • The mass of the anode will decrease and the mass of the cathode will increase. • This is because copper is transferred from the anode to the cathode.
Write a method fot the electrolysis of a molten ionic substance.
• Put your solid ionic substance in a crucible. • Heat the crucible with a Bunsen burner until the solid melts. • Once the solid is melted, put two clean, inert electrodes in the electrolyte. • Then, connect the electrodes to a power supply using wires and clips. • [Draw the diagram on pg141 if you’re feeling like it or they give you space to]
Explain how copper is purified using electrolysis.
• Using two copper electrodes. The anode starts off as a big lump of impure copper, the cathode as a thin sheet of pure copper. • Copper ions from the impure anode dissolve in the electrolyte. • The copper ions move to the pure copper cathode, and react to form a layer of pure copper. • Any impurities from the impure anode sink to the bottom of the cell, forming a sludge.