Final
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What are the functions of leaves?
• Photosynthesis • Transpiration • Respiration • Storage
Describe Transpiration in the leaf.
• It is the movement of water from inside the leafs to the atmosphere outside the leaf. • More than 97%-99.5% of water which a plant takes up is lost through transpiration • To collect CO2 for photosynthesis, the stomata remains open, thus losing a lot of water. • It cools the plant, changes osmotic pressure, and enables movement of nutrients from the roots
Describe Respiration within the leaves.
• Respiration only occurs at night • Oxygen that is needed for respiration is gathered during the day through the open stomata.
Describe storage within the leaves.
In some plants, the leaves store food. - Ex. Spinach, Lettuce In some plants those same leaves are stored underground - Ex. Onion, Garlic In some dicots, the petiole becomes enlarged and stores food - Ex. Rhubarb
What do dicot leaves consist of?
The blade And sometime a petiole
What are the types of venation on dicot leaves?
Branched (like a tree, one big trunk and branches coming off) Netted (sorta like a feather, with a few extra branches)
What is a stipule?
Leaf like appendages, the are found where the petiole and stem join. They are common in legume plants
What do monocot leaves consist of?
• Blade • Sheath • Ligules • Auricles
Describe the blade of a monocot leaf.
Generally long and narrow Veins are always parallel
Describe the sheath of a monocot leaf
The structure that surrounds the stem Attaches the blade to the stem.
Describe the ligule of a monocot leaf.
Thin, filamentous appendage on the inside between the stem and top of sheath. Shape of ligule can determine the species.
Describe the auricles of a monocot leaf.
Little arms that extend out form the top of the sheath and clasp the stem, like a hug
What leaf arrangement do monocots usually have, and describe it.
Alternating, one league per node and they alternate which side the grow from.
What is the final leaf in monocots?
The final leaf to emerge, may be shaped differently from the rest.
What are three kinds of leaf arrangement?
Alternate Opposite Whorled
Describe alternate leaf arrangement in dicots.
One leaf per node, and they alternate the side they grow from.
Describe opposite leaf arrangement in dicot plants.
Two leaves grow from each node.
Describe whorled leaf arrangement in dicot plants
Several leaves coming from one node.
What are the leaf types of dicot leaves?
Simple leaf - the one blade is the leaf. Compound leaf - has two or more leaflets coming from the petiole
What are the kinds of simple leafs in dicot plants?
Simple pinnate - just a regular ass leaf Simple palmate - veins radiate from a central point
What are the kinds of compound leaves in dicot plants?
Compound pinnate - a main branch (rachis) in which multiple leaflets emerge from Compound palmate - leaflets radiate from a central point at the end of the rachis
What is trifoliate arrangement?
A special arrangement of a compound leaf where 3 leaflets emerge from the same point on petiole.
What are plant stresses?
Anything that prevents a plant from growing to its full potential
What are the abiotic plant stresses?
• Cold • Heat • Nutrients