basic concepts of biosafety and biosecurity
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who began the US Biologicl weapons program
by US President Franklin Roosevelt *eventually terminated by US President RIchard Nixon
who became the first scientific director of Camp Detrick
Ira L. Baldwin
where did the serious concerns about biosafety practices worldwide were consolidated?
Russia: State Research for Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR US: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
who described the use of mechanical pipettors to prevent laboratory acquired infection in 1907 and 1908
Arnold Wedum - Director of Industrial Health and Safety in 1944 - one of the pioneers of biosafety that provided the foundation for evaluating the risks handling infectious microorganisms
Brief history of laboratory biosafety: Who is the director of Industrial Health and Safety in 1944
Arnold Wedum
Who provided the foundation for evaluating the risks handling infectious microorganisms
One of the pioneers of biosafety
who developed a ventilated cabinet to prevent infection from myobacterium tuberculosis
pharmaceutical company in Pennsylvania
who designed modifications for biosafety at Camp Detrick
Newell A. Johnson - engaged some of Camp Detrick’s leading scientist about the nature of their work - developed technical solutions: class III safety cabinet and laminar flow hoods
Brief history of laboratory biosafety: When did WHO aggressively pursued the eradication of the virus
1967
how did the WHO aggressively pursued the eradication of the virus
through vaccination
what technical solutions did Newell A. Johnson developed
Class III Safety Cabinets and laminar flow hoods
Camp Detrick was renamed to
Fort Detrick
who analyze the multiple epidemiological studies for laboratory-based outbreak
Wedum and microbiologist Morton Reitman
who terminated the US biological weapons program
US President Richard Nixon - terminated in 1969
who published the Classification of Etiological Agents on the Basis of Hazard
CDC - in 1974
who published NIH Guidelines for Research Involving Recombinant DNA Molecule
National Institution of Health - in 1976
who published the first edition of Laboratory Biosafety Manual
World Health Organization
Brief history of laboratory biosafety: who joint-published the first edition of Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories
NIH and CDC
what do they publish: 1. CDC 2. National Institution of Health 3. World Health Organization 4. NIH and CDC
• Classification of Etiological Agents on the Basis of Hazard • NIH Guidelines for Research Involving Recombinant DNA Molecule • first edition of Laboratory Biosafety Manual • joint-published first edition of Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories
it is the technical means of mitigating the risk of accidental infection from or release of agents in the laboratory setting as well as the community and environment it is situated in
Biosafety levels - progress of biosafety continued until the emergence of a community of “biosafety officers” who adopted the administrative role of ensuring that the proper equipment and facility controls are in place
Identify: 1. Classification of Etiological Agents on the Basis of Hazard 2. Laboratory Biosafety Manual 3. Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories 4. NIH Guidelines for Research Involving Recombinant DNA molecule
• CDC • WHO’s first edition • NIH and CDC’s joint-published • National Institute of Health
what did the US Government enacted
the Select Agent Regulation - in 1996 - to monitor the transfer of a select list of biological agents from one facility to another *in 2001, the revised select agent regulation then required specific security measures for any facility in the US that used or stored one or more agents on the new longer list of agents
in the Select Agent Regulation in 2012, how many of tiers of select agents are there
Two tier of select agents *tier 1 Agents - materials that pose the greater risk of deliberate misuse and the remaining select agents
What is Singapore select agent regulation
Biological agent and toxins act