Back to marketplace

module 4

No description yet. This curated deck is ready for daily study.

Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (24)

#1
Front (Question)

nutrients with antioxidant properties:

Back (Answer)

-vitamin E -vitamin C -vitamin A -selenium

#2
Front (Question)

unstable atoms in the body

Back (Answer)

free radicals

#3
Front (Question)

what causes free radicals:

Back (Answer)

-metabolic processes -electron transport chain -immune system -environmental factors

#4
Front (Question)

carotenodermia

Back (Answer)

-orange discoloration of skin due to over consumption of beta-carotene

#5
Front (Question)

vitamin A role:

Back (Answer)

-antioxidant; scavenges free radicals & protects LDLs from oxidation -essential for healthy vision -cell differentiation process -sperm production & fertilization -bone growth

#6
Front (Question)

vitamin A sources:

Back (Answer)

-animal liver, eggs, dark-green veggies, deep yellow fruits

#7
Front (Question)

beta-carotene ProVitamin A versions & functions:

Back (Answer)

-retinol & retinal = vision, sexual reproduction, bone heath, immune function -retinoic acid = cell differentiation, bone health, immune function

#8
Front (Question)

vitamin A toxicity:

Back (Answer)

-fatigue -loss of appetite -blurred vision -skin disorders -birth defects/spontaneous abortion

#9
Front (Question)

vitamin A deficiency:

Back (Answer)

-night blindness -xerophthalmia (blindness due to cornea hardening) -hyperkeratosis (excess keratin in hair follicles)

#10
Front (Question)

Selenium roles:

Back (Answer)

-antioxidant (gluatathione enzyme system) -thyroxine (thyroid hormones) -body temp

#11
Front (Question)

selenium sources:

Back (Answer)

-organ meats, pork, seafood, couscous, whole wheat spaghetti

#12
Front (Question)

selenium deficiency:

Back (Answer)

-kasha disease (heart) -kashin-beck disease (deforming arthritis) -impaired immunity

#13
Front (Question)

erythrocytes

Back (Answer)

-RBC -transport oxygen through the body

#14
Front (Question)

leukocytes

Back (Answer)

-WBC -key to immune system

#15
Front (Question)

platelets

Back (Answer)

-cell fragments that assist in blood clotting

#16
Front (Question)

plasma

Back (Answer)

-fluid portion of blood -maintains adequate blood volume

#17
Front (Question)

minerals essential to blood health:

Back (Answer)

-iron -zinc -copper

#18
Front (Question)

vitamin essential to blood health:

Back (Answer)

-vitamin K -B6 -folate -B12

#19
Front (Question)

iron function

Back (Answer)

-oxygen-carrying hemoglobin & myoglobin (muscle) -component of cytochromes (electron carriers within metabolic pathways for energy production from carbs, fats, & proteins)

#20
Front (Question)

mucosal block: iron

Back (Answer)

-iron is stored in intestinal trace/enterocyte mucosal cells (ferritin) -GI tract naturally sheds mucosal lining every 3-5 days == iron/ferritin is lost -“block” = excessive absorption is blocked

#21
Front (Question)

iron toxicity:

Back (Answer)

-accidental iron overdose is most common cause of poisoning deaths in children -nausea, vomiting, diarrhea -hemochromatosis = excessive absorption of iron

#22
Front (Question)

iron deficiency stages:

Back (Answer)

• stage 1: iron depletion, reduced ferritin level, no physical symtoms -stage 2: erythropoiesis, decreased iron transport, reduced production of heme, fatigue -stage 3: anemia, decreased production of RBCs, inadequate hemoglobin to transport oxygen

#23
Front (Question)

zinc funtions:

Back (Answer)

-enzymatic (heme synthesis) -maintains structural integrity & shape of proteins (zinc fingers) -regulates gene expression

#24
Front (Question)

mucosal block: zinc

Back (Answer)

-zinc is stored in from of metallothionein in intestinal enterocytes -mucosal block manages zinc storage