Chapter 15 - Key Terms
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a disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) which attacks the immune system destroying the body’s ability to fight infections
acquired immune deficiency syndrom (AIDS)
requiring oxygen to live and grow
aerobic
methods of infection control that must be used for patients known or suspected to be infected with pathogens transmitted by airborne droplet nuclei
airborne precautions
not requiring oxygen to live and grow; able to thrive in the absense of oxygen
anaerobic
aseptic control that inhibits, retards growth f, or kills pathogenic organisms; not effective against spores and viruses
antisepsis
being free from infection
asepsis
piece if equipment used to sterilize articles by way of steam under pressure and/or dry heat
autoclave
one-celled microorganisms, some of which are beneficial and some of which cause disease
bacteria
the use of biological agents, such as pathogens, for terrorist purposes
bioterrorism
the cleaning process employed in an ultrasonic unit; bubbles explode onto article being cleaned
cavitation
factors that lead to the transmission or spread of disease
chain of infection
chemicals used for aseptic control
chemical disinfection
free from organisms causing disease
clean
a disease that is transmitted from one individual to another
communicable disease
methods of infection control that must be used for patients known or suspected to be infected with epidemiological microorganisms that can be transmitted by either direct or indirect contact
contact precautions
containing infection or infectious organisms or germs
contaminated
aseptic-control method that destroys pathogens but does not usually kill spores and viruses
disinfection
methods of infection control that must be used for patients known or suspected to be infected with pathogens transmitted by large particle droplets expelled during coughing, sneezing, talking, or laughing
droplet precautions
a filovirus that causes hemorrhagic fever disease
ebola
infection or disease originating within the body
endogenous
an infectious disease that affects a large number of people within a population, community, or region at the same time
epidemic
infection or disease originating outside of or external to the body
exogenous
substances or objects that adheres to and transmits infectious material
fomites
a group of simple, plantlike animals that live on dad organic matter (mold, yeast)
fungi