Lecture 1
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What is clinical chemistry?
Soluble mediators of a system; includes taking blood, centrifuge and using serum/plasma (formed elements)
How long does it take serum tube to clot?
roughly 30 minutes +/- this also effects trauma times
True or false: DT2 is one of the biggest finanical burdens in the U.S?
True, it is also common w kidney disease
What are a few things included in a Basic Metabolic Pannel? (BMP)
“Basic” “Mini” Glucose Albumin Total Protein Na, K, Chloride BUN (blood urea nitrogen) Creatine CO2
What are the most common panels ordered in Chemistry?
BMP and CMP
What are a few things included in CMP?
Complete metabolic pannels include BMP plus liver function. ALT, AST, ALP and Bilirubin
True or false: Glucose and triglycerides are not affected by fasting?
False, they are affected by fasting
What are some things included in the lipid profiles (other common chemistry test)?
includes lipids like tryglycerides, cholesterols, HDL, and LDL (calculated or direct)
What are included in Pancreatic Fx? (other common chemistry test)
Amylase Lipase
What is the Matrix?
Plasma or Serum in chemistry, Serum is the preferred specimen and is easy to obtain/repeat. Used on almost all assays
True or false: Urine is not testing in parallel with kidney function and serum levels
False, urine and the kidney are tested in parallels in chemistry
Reagent + Compound = _____?
Color changes, direct or indirect
True or false: color change rx can help determine wavelengths
True
What kind of system is the best for quantitating color change?
Closed system utilizing focused light spectra
True or false: In spectrophotometry, the photometric system uses light intensity with wavelength
false, photometric uses light intensity w/ OUT wavelength
What is Beers law? (In words)
Concentration of substance is directly proportional to amount of light absorbed or inverse to log of transmitted light
What do spectrophotometry instruments do?
measures light by solution to determine concentration of light absorbed substance in a solution
What are the components of a spectrophotometer?
light, monochromator, sample, and photo detector
true or false: frequency is proportional to wavelength
FALSE. Frequency is inversely proportional to wavelength
What is wavelength?
distance of one complete cycle and measured in nanometers
What is electromagnetic radiation?
protons of energy in waves
What is the values on the visible spectrum?
400-700 nm which is violet to red, red having the longest wave length
True or false: light sources are intense, constant, and reproducable
true
What are the most common light source in chemistry and which parts of EM spectrum do they cover?
• Tungsten (visible + IR) • Deuterium (ultraviolet region)