Science
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Cell theory
-All living organisms are composed of cells -The cell is the basic unit of structure and organization in organisms -All cells come from preexisting cells
Cells carry out the Basic processes of life
-Take in food and metabolize it for energy -Respond to the environment -Grow -Reproduce -Dispose of waste
Cells are
Building blocks to form more complex body parts
Multicellular organisms such as humans use cells as building blocks to form more complex body parts
Cells>tissues>organs>organ systems
Cells that have a specialized function join together to form tissues. Tissues are a group of cells that work together to perform a task. Tissues join together to form organs. Organs are two or more tissues that work together to form a task. Organs and tissues join together to form organ systems. Organ systems are two or more organs that perform a task.
4 main types of tissue
C-MEN (need a tissue?) C-connective (bone and cartilage) M-uscle (skeletal and cardiac) E-pithelial (organ surfaces, mouth lining and skin) N-ervous (brain cells and spinal nerves)
11organ systems
CLEGGRRIINS Cardiovascular Lymphatic Endocrine Gastrointestinal Genitourinary Reproductive Respiratory Immune Integumentary Neuromuscular Skeletal
Organ systems work together to maintain homeostasis. Homeostasis is…
A stable environment inside the human body
Standard Anatomical Position
Forward facing upright feet forward flat hands to the side with palms forward
Anatomical planes
CST Coronal-divides body front and back Sagittal-divides body left and right Transverse-divides body top and bottom
Coronal plane/Frontal
Divides body front and back Anterior-front Posterior-back Ventral-front Dorsal-back
Sagittal plane/Lateral
Divides body left and right portions
Transverse plane/Axial
Divides body into top and bottom Superior-head Inferior-(caudal)feet
TH/A Ventral cavity THELT SKIPSLG
Ventral means front (anterior) Includes Thoracic Cavity with the thymus gland, heart, esophagus lungs, and trachea. Also the Abdominopelvic Cavity with the spleen, kidneys, small and large intestines, pancreas, stomach, liver and gallbladder
Connective tissue
Bone and cartilage
Muscle tissue
Skeletal and cardiac
Epithelial tissue
Skin Organ surface Mouth lining
Nervous tissue
Brain cells and spinal nerves
How many types of different tissue does the body contain?
4 CMEN connective: bone joint cartilage Muscle: skeletal and cardiac Endothelial: mouth organ surface skin Nervous: brain cells and spinal nerves
Connective tissue connects…
Body parts
Muscle tissue does this
Contracts to create skeletal movement
Nervous tissue including nerve cells and fibers do this,,,
Makes up the nervous system
Epithelial tissue does this…
Comprises the linings of body’s internal and external surfaces
How many times does a person breathe per day?
20,000 O2 in/Co2 out Cells require in/out for energy and growth