Male Reproductive Sustem

sperm is produced in the testes, travels into the epididymis, is carried by the vans deferens up and over the bladder into the ejaculatory duct enters the urethra

isto produce androgens such as testosterone that maintain male reproductive function and to promote spermatogenesis and transport into the female reproductive system for fertilization.

this lies below the symphysis pubis in front of the upper parts of the thighs and behind the penis

the scrotal septum divides the scrotum into two sacs. Each sac contains: the testicular end of a spermatic cord one epididymis, and one testis.

looks like a single pouch of skin separated into two by a median ridge called the raphe

the subcutaneous tissue contains the cremaster muscle - continuation of the internal oblique muscle and dartos muscle - smooth muscle

sperm production needs a temperature of about 2-3 c below core temp.In cold temperatures the cremaster and dartos muscles contract where they can absorb heat but also contraction of the dartos muscle causes the scrotum to become wrinkled, which reduces heat loss.

pair of glans that sit in the scrotum,they produce sperm and testosterone which male sex hormone crucial role in reproduction and the development of secondary sexual characteristics.

Each lobule contains one to three long, narrow tubules called seminiferous tubules.

Serous membrane Derived from the peritoneum. Partially covers the testes.

tough fibrous layer of connective tissue. Extends inward to form septa that divide the testis into 200-300 sections or lobules.

Head, and a Tail. The flattened, pointed head contains a nucleus with 23 chromosomes. The tail is subdivided into four parts: the neck, middle piece, principal piece and end piece.

Spermatogenic Cells - the stem and serve as the foundation for sperm forming Leydig cells - secrete the male sex hormone testosterone lie in spaces between adjacent seminiferous tubules Sertorli cells - supporting cells Myoid cells - specialised smooth muscle cells

is covered by the acrosome which is a cap-like sac filled with enzymes that help the sperm to penetrate the ovum of the female during fertilization.

neck connects the head to the rest of the tail. middle piece contains mitochondria that supply the energy for the sperm’s activity. The principal piece is the longest part. The end piece is the terminal part.

The duct system through which sperm passes after leaving the testis to reach the exterior of the body.

tightly coiled single tube, located on the surface of each of the testes.Newly formed spermatozoa move from the seminiferous tubules into the epididymis,acts as a reservoir of sperm

from the testes and passes them to the vas (ductus) deferens.

is a thick-wall muscular tube, which transmits sperm from the testes to the ejaculatory duct.passes through the inguinal canal into the abdominal cavity as a part of the spermatic cord

A pair of glands situated in close proximity to the prostate gland, on either side of the bladder are sac-like structures.The fluid produced provides nourishment and fuel for the sperm and aids the movement of the sperms.

The vas deferens travels over the top and down the back of the bladder in the abdominal cavity. It then joins with the duct from the seminal vesicle to create the ejaculatory duct. The ejaculatory duct passes through the prostate gland and opens into the urethra.

It is situated at the base of the bladder and surrounds the urethra

The muscles of the prostate also ensure semen is forcefully pressed into the urethra and expelled outward during ejaculation. Produces a milky alkaline secretion which together with sperm cells from the testes and fluids from other glands make semen