Chromotagraphy
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what happens during the stationary phase
Silica (SiO₂) or alumina (Al₂O₃) Components adsorb onto it Stronger attraction to stationary phase → moves less distance
what happens during the mobile phase
Solvent Carries the components up the plate Greater solubility in mobile phase → moves further
how do u locate the spots
UV light Iodine vapour
Explain the steps to carry out a TLC
Draw a pencil baseline near the bottom of the TLC plate. Place spots of the sample and reference compounds on the baseline. Put the plate in solvent with the solvent below the baseline Allow the solvent to rise up the plate. Remove the plate, mark the solvent front, and allow it to dry.
types of chromatography
thin-layer chromatography (TLC) – a plate is coated with a solid and a solvent moves up the plate * column chromatography (CC) – a column is packed with a solid and a solvent moves down the column * gas chromatography (GC) – a column is packed with a solid or with a solid coated by a liquid, and a gas is passed through the column under pressure at high temperature.
what does seperation depend on
the balance between solubility in the moving phase and retention by the stationary phase