aromatic chemistry 3.3.10 in papers 2 + 3
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what are the evidences for the structure of benzene?
• bromine water • bond length, would expect to find 2 but theres only 1
what is nitrobenzene used for?
manufacture of explosives
what equation forms the elecrophile?
HNO3 + 2H2SO4 -> NO2+ + 2HSO4- + H3O+
what is friedel crafts acylation reaction?
CH3COCl + AlCl3 -> CH3CO+ + AlCl4-
Compare benzene and the theoretical molecule cyclohexa-1,3,5-triene in terms of stability, shape, carbon–carbon bond lengths.
• Benzene is more stable than cyclohexatriene • The enthalpy of hydrogenation of benzene is (152 kJ mol-1) less exothermic • Due to the delocalisation of electrons in benzene • Both are planar/hexagonal • Benzene has equal C-C bond lengths or regular hexagon whereas Cyclohexa-1,3,5-triene has bonds of different/varied length
suggest a value for the enthalpy of hydrogenation of cyclo-1,3-diene and justify
• 200 • doubles bonds are separated by 1 single bond • allows for some delocalisation
why is an aqueous solution obtained in reudction if phenyamine is insouluble in water?
present as an ionic salt