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Chapter 10

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

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#1
Front (Question)

taxonomy

Back (Answer)

science of classifying organisms shows degree of similarity among organisms

#2
Front (Question)

systematics phylogeny

Back (Answer)

the study of the evolutionary history of organisms

#3
Front (Question)

linnaeus (1735)

Back (Answer)

discovered kingdoms, plantae, and animalia

#4
Front (Question)

murray (1968)

Back (Answer)

introduced kingdom of prokaryote

#5
Front (Question)

whittaker (1969)

Back (Answer)

five-kingdom system

#6
Front (Question)

the three domains

Back (Answer)

bacteria, archaea (methanogens, extreme halophiles, hyperthermophiles) & eukarya (animals, plants, fungi) developed by woese in 1978; based on sequences of nucleotides in rRNA

#7
Front (Question)

conserved

Back (Answer)

DNA passed on from ancestors

#8
Front (Question)

prokaryotic, lack peptidoglycan, live in extreme environments, composed of branched carbon chains attached to glycerol by ether linkage, first amino acid in protein synthesis: methionine, not sensitive to antibiotics

Back (Answer)

characteristics of archaea

#9
Front (Question)

prokaryotic, contains peptidoglycan, composed of straight carbon chains attached to glycerol by ester linkage, first amino acid in protein synthesis: formylmethionine, sensitive to antibiotics

Back (Answer)

characteristics of bacteria

#10
Front (Question)

eukaryote, varies in composition, contains carbohydrates, composed of straight carbon chains attached to glycerol by ester linkage, first amino acid in protein synthesis: methionine, not sensitive to antibiotics

Back (Answer)

characteristics of eukarya

#11
Front (Question)

scientific nomenclature

Back (Answer)

common names vary with languages and geography

#12
Front (Question)

binomial nomenclature

Back (Answer)

classification system in which each species is assigned a two-part scientific name

#13
Front (Question)

taxa/on

Back (Answer)

subdivisions used to classify organisms, e.g., domain, kingdom, phylum

#14
Front (Question)

natural classification system

Back (Answer)

groups organisms based on ancestral relationships and allows us to see the order in life

#15
Front (Question)

Carl von Nageli (1800s)

Back (Answer)

proposed that baceria and fungi be placed in the plant kingdom

#16
Front (Question)

Ernst Haeckel

Back (Answer)

proposed Kingdom Protista includes bacteria, protozoa, algae, and fungi

#17
Front (Question)

methanogens

Back (Answer)

strict anaerobes that produc methane from carbon dioxide and hydrogen

#18
Front (Question)

extreme halophiles

Back (Answer)

require high concentrations of salt for survivial

#19
Front (Question)

hyperthermophiles

Back (Answer)

normally grow in extremely hot environments

#20
Front (Question)

molecular clock

Back (Answer)

an evolution timeline based on nucleotide sequences in organisms

#21
Front (Question)

genus

Back (Answer)

the first name of the scientific name; the taxon b/w family and species

#22
Front (Question)

specific epithet species

Back (Answer)

the second or species name in a scientific binomial

#23
Front (Question)

eukaryotic species

Back (Answer)

a group of closely related organisms that breed among themselves

#24
Front (Question)

family

Back (Answer)

a taxonomic group between order and genus