Organic chemistry

Compound that contains only carbon and hydrogen

Mixture of different alkanes which are a type of hydrocarbon

Mixture of alkanes with a similar chain lengths and similar boiling point

How easily a liquid flows, the higher the number the thicker the liquid

Methane, ethane, propane, butane

number and type of different atoms in one molecule

The way the atoms in a molecule are arranged

Simplest ratio of a compound

Carbon is bonded to the maximum number of atoms (4)

Same molecular formula different structural formula

Chemical: 1)Other than combustion, they are generally unreactive Physical: 2) Insoluble in water 3) form 2 layers

1) In excess O2, alkanes burn with a blue flame 2) form CO2 and h2O

1) In limited O2, alkanes will burn with a yellow/sooty flame 2) form CO and carbon/soot and H2O

1) Alkanes react with a halogen to form haloalkane 2) Needs UV light catalyst to help break the bonds because alkanes arent reactive (Substiution reaction is when an attom attached to a Carbon is replaced by another atom)

Unsaturated means it has double or triple bond saturest means it has singular bonds

Breaks down long chain hydrocarbons into smaller more useful alkanes and alkenes and hydrogen Thermal decomposition

750 degrees 70atm

500 degree zeolite catalyst

1) Fermenting sugars from plant material with yeast 2) Addition reaction ethene (Made by cracking fractions of crude oil) and steam in the presence of a catalyst)

sugar -> Ethanol + alcohol

ethanol

Like alkenes, alcohols react in plenty of oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water

Ethanol + oxygen from oxidising agent -> ethanoic acid (Carboxylic acid) + water

Yes without UV catalyst