Biology Keywords

The spreading out of the particles of any substance in a solution, or particles in a gas, resulting in a net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration down a concentration gradient

Cells created during the production of monoclonal antibodies by the fusion of an antibody-specific lymphocyte and a tumour cell

A measure of the ability to distinguish between two separate points that are very close together

The blood vessels that supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle

A molecule made up of a sugar, a phosphate group, and one of four different bases. They are key units in the structure of DNA and RNA

The response of a plant to light, controlled by auxin

Muscles that contract and relax to change the shape of the lens of the eye

The physical appearance biochemistry of an individual for a particular characteristic (e.g. blue eyes)

Animals that eat producers

Part of the cell cycle where one set of new chromosomes is pulled to each end of the cell forming two identical nuclei during cell division

The maximum and minimum values for the independent or dependent variables - important in ensuring that any patterns are detected

The arithmetical average of a series of numbers (add together all valid results and divide by the number of results)

The genetic makeup of an individual for a particular characteristic, for example hair or eye colour (the allele combination e.g. BB, or Bb)

Molecules made of long chains of amino acids folded into specific shapes. They are used for building the cells and tissues of the body and to form substances such as enzymes

Where particular types of organisms are found within an environment

Transmitted from an infected person to an uninfected person by unprotected sexual contact / exchange of bodily fluids

A liquid or gel used to support the growth of microorganisms or other cultures, often containing specific nutrients.

Long sightedness, where the rays of light from distant objects can be focused clearly on the retina but the rays of light from close objects are not focused and the objects appear blurred

Methods of preventing pregnancy which usually involve preventing the sperm and egg from meeting

Is carried out on a potential new medicine in a laboratory using cells, tissues, and live animals to determine the drug’s potential

Partially differentiated stem cells that are found in adults that can form a limited number of cell types

Areas of the central nervous system that receive and process information from receptors

Region of the brain associated with consciousness, memory, and language

The pressure inside a plant cell exerted by the cell contents pressing on the cell wall