[1S] UNIT 1: Phases of Laboratory Testing
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The systematic study of biochemical processes associated with health & disease & the measurement of constituents in body fluids or tissues to facilitate diagnosis of disease.
Clinical Chemistry
A representative portion of body fluid such as serum, plasma, urine and CSF
Patient Sample
Parts of the Spectrophotometer
LEME CPR Light Source Entrance Slit Monochromator Exit Slip Cuvette Photodetector Read-out Device
T/F: Color transmitted + corresponding color and color observed + color of the observation are the same colors.
T
T/F: Color absorbed + complementary color and color observed + color of the observation are the same colors.
F; color absorbed + complementary color & color observed + color of the solution have different colors
PARTS OF SPECTROPHOTOMETER T/F: Tungsten bulb is the most common light source - it falls to the visible-infrared
T
TYPES OF LIGHT SOURCE Less than 400 nm wavelength, greater energy + higher frequency
UV
LIGHT SOURCE Visibke to the UV spectrum
Mercury Bulbs Hydrogen-Deuterium Lamp
PARTS OF SPECTROPHOTOMETER Prevents the entry of stray light
Entrance Slit
Most common source of stray light
Deteriorating Bulb
PARTS OF SPECTROPHOTOMETER Functions in isolating the desired wavelength of light you want to work with and allow the needed nanometees to pass through
Monochromator
2 Monochromators
• Glass Prism • Diffraction Grating
PARTS OF SPECTROPHOTOMETER 50-1200 nm; also known as reaction vessel; measures the absorbance of a specific wavelength
Cuvette
PARTS OF SPECTROPHOTOMETER Coverts light into electricity
Photodetector
PARTS OF SPECTROPHOTOMETER Most sensitive and powerful type of photodetector. Also used in fluorometric assays
Photomultiplier Tube
PARTS OF SPECTROPHOTOMETER Displays the absorbance & transmittance
Read-out Device
Color of control normal & control pathologic
Green & Red
T/F: Energy & frequency is directly proportional with wavelength.
F; indirectly
These are materials with known characteristics that are used to assess the accuracy and precision of laboratory test results.
Controls
This is a known reference material or substance that is used to calibrate or validate laboratory instruments and assays.
Standard
Role of MT
• Deliver accurate and precise laboratory information • Provide reliable lab results
nonfunctioning waste products in the process of being cleared
Metabolites
T/F: Enzymes are intracellular in nature
T
QUALITY MANAGEMENT “a comprehensive set of policies and procedures.” monitors quality performance starting from the ordering of a laboratory determination to its reporting, the interpretation of results, and then application to patient care
Quality Assurance