Lac Operon
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What happens when there is no lactose?
• the lac repressor protein binds to the operator • prevents RNA polymerase from binding • structural genes not transcribed • no transcription
What are examples of structural genes?
• B-galactosidase • lactose permease
what is a regulator gene?
• makes transcription factors that control the expression of other genes
what are structural genes?
• makes proteins that function in the cell. • e.g. enzymes
what happens if lactose is present?
• lactose binds to the receptor protein which changes shape • removes it from the operator • RNA polymerase can bind to the promoter • structural genes are expressed ( transcribed here + translated in the cytoplasm) • B-galactosidase + lactose permease are made • structural gene are transcribed
what are most the genes made from?
• nucleotides