Test #4 (Semester 2)

human sex cells sperm and egg (haploid: have 23 chromosomes)

the process that makes gametes

the diploid cell in the ovary at prophase I

the process in which an egg is released

egg

for each of the primary oocyte that goes under meiosis, only one of the four cells produced survives as the ovum. The other three cells, called polar bodies, break down. (MALES) In contrast, for each primary spermatocyte that undergoes meiosis, all four cells produced normally developed into sperm cells.

reproductive organ releases hormones that cause changes to the body associated with puberty also create spem cells

400,000,000

where the eggs are made

sex organs (ovaries/testes)

a cluster of cells that surround, protect, and nourish a developing cell

a 10cm long tube that carries the egg to the uterus (where fertilization normally takes place) (cilia move the egg in the tube to the ovary)

a muscular sac that holds and protects the baby

bottom opening of the womb

the tube exiting the uterus

a sac-like structure that contain the testes. sperm cannot develop at normal body temperature, so the scrotum is to house the testes outside the main body cavity (1-3 degrees celsius), cooler than normal body temperature

inside the testes, they produce sperm, release testosterone, and stimulates sperm production

contains nutrients, where the sperm mature

the muscular tube that propels the sperm towards the urethra

seminal vesicles, prostrate glands, bulbourethral glands (cowper glands)

during ejaculations, muscular contraction propel sperm from the epididymis through the connecting ducts called the vas deferns and finally through the urethra. The urethra is also the tube through which urine flows

detects low hormone levels triggers master gland female: if you aren’t pregnant, it tells you to begin menstrual cycle all over again

releases: LH: luteinizing hormone/start making testosterone FSH: follicle stimulating hormone/starts making sperm

does secondary sex traits muscle, facial hair