THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
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WHAT IS THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
The body’s transport system. It moves blood all around the body to carry oxygen and nutrients to every part and remove waste like carbon dioxide.
WHAT IS THE HEART?
• Located in the chest cavity • About the size of our FIST • Protected by a membrane or sac (pericardium)
WHAT IS THE ROLE OF THE HEART?
• Pumps blood day and night • Normally beats 60 to 100 times a minute
WHAT ARE THE FOUR CHAMBERS OF THE HEART?
• LEFT ATRIUM: Receives oxygen-rich blood from the lungs and pumps it to the left ventricle • RIGHT ATRIUM: receives oxygen-poor blood from the body, and it pumps it to the right ventricle • RIGHT VENTRICLES: Pumps the oxygen-poor blood to the lungs • LEFT VENTRICLES: Pumps the oxygen-rich blood to the body
WHAT IS BLOOD?
Special fluid primarily contained within the blood vessels
MAIN COMPONENTS OF THE BLOOD
• RED BLOOD CELLS • WHITE BLOOD CELLS • PLATELETS • PLASMA
RBC (RED BLOOD CELL) MAIN COMPONENTS OF THE BLOOD
• Also known as “Erythrocytes” • Manufactured in the bone marrow • A biconcave disc that is round and flat without a nucleus • Contains HEMOGLOBIN that transports oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body and removes carbon dioxide
WBC (WHITE BLOOD CELL) MAIN COMPONENTS OF THE BLOOD
• Also known as “Leukocytes” • fight disease and protect the body from infection
TWO MAIN WBC (WHITE BLOOD CELL) TWO MAIN WBC WITHIN THE BLOOD’S MAIN COMPONENTS
• MACROPHAGES • LYMPHOCYTES
PLATELETS MAIN COMPONENTS OF THE BLOOD
• Small colourless disk-shaped cell fragment without a nucleus • Bind for damaged blood vessels
PLASMA MAIN COMPONENTS OF THE BLOOD
• Straw-coloured liquid • Acting as the medium for the blood components to float in
BLOOD VESSELS
Tubes or channels that carry blood throughout our body
THREE KINDS BLOOD VESSEL TYPES
• ARTERIES • VEIN • CAPILLARIES
ARTERIES BLOOD VESSEL TYPES
• Muscular vessels carrying “blood away from the heart” • Thick-walled and elastic blood vessels
CAPILLARIES BLOOD VESSEL TYPES
• Thin-walled (one cell layer) vessels • Arise from arterioles • Form capillary • Beds delicate blood vessels that deliver nutrients and oxygen to cells and throughout the body
THREE MECHANISMS Fundamental mechanisms of substance transport across Capillary walls
• DIFFUSION • HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE • PINOCYTOSIS
VEINS BLOOD VESSEL TYPES
• Thin-walled and flattened • Blood pressure is much lower than in arteries • Low-oxygenated blood is transferred to the veins
CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS
• ANGINA PECTORIS • HEART ATTACK • CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE • EMBOLISM • STROKE
where does the DEOXYGENATED BLOOD travel?
• Blood enters the RIGHT side of the Heart • Right Atrium • Right Ventricle • Pulmonary Artery • Alveoli in Lungs
where does the OXYGENATED BLOOD travel?
• Pulmonary Veins • Left Atrium • Left Ventricle • Blood leaves through the aorta • Flows to the body (except the lungs)