1.3 circulatory system

• plasma • red blood cells • white blood cells • platelets

• allow substances to dissolve • and be transported easily (eg rbc, wbc, platelets, hormones, nutrients, etc)

• contain haemoglobin, reacts with o2 from lungs to form oxyhaemoglobin • transport o2 to working muscles • transport co2 back to lungs

• defend body against pathogens • by engulfing or antibody production

• cause blood to clot • when blood vessels damaged/exposed to air

• thick, muscular walls • narrow lumen

• thin walls • wide lumen • valves

• thin walls (one cell thick) • tiny lumen

• transport blood away from heart • under high pressure

• carry blood back to heart under lower pressure

• allow nutrient/gas exchange

• receive blood • pump to ventricle

• receive blood • pump to lung/body

prevent backflow

• vena cava • right atrium • right ventricle • pulmonary artery • lungs • pulmonary vein • left atrium • left ventricle • aorta

• number of contractions of ventricles per minute

• volume of blood pumped from heart in one beat

• volume of blood pumped from heart • each minute HR * SV

• hr increase • sv increase • cardiac output increases