English Language
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I after E except after C when sounded as a, as in neighbor and way
I before E as in achieve and belief
Except after C as in conceive and perceive
Sounds like: eight vein common exceptions include science neither seizure height, and weird
Adding a suffix (which is an ending) to a root word that ends in silent E. If the suffix begins with a vowel, drop the E. If the suffix begins with a consonant retain the E.
Examples suffix begins with a vowel: dispose+able=disposable Suffix begins with a consonant derange+ ment=derangement
Plurals for regular plurals, add an S. For words ending in CH, S, SH, X or Z. Car / cars, gas/gases, arch/ arches. For words ending in F change to -VES like calf to calves. Common exceptions include proof/proofs , belief/beliefs
Homographs and homophones
Homographs are words with different meanings that are spelled the same that is both a piece of sporting equipment and a winged animal and homophones are words with different spellings and meanings that are pronounced the same. Ate/eight To/too/two
Commonly confused words,
A lot All right Accept/-recieve except-with exclusion from Ben will accept his award tonight. Everyone got to go except Mel.
Affect
Affect is a verb that means to influence or alter as a noun, which is less common. It means an emotion displayed physically. Smoking can negatively affect your health. Psychiatric nurses are trying to assess a patient’s affect.
Effect
Effect as a noun is a result or consequence caused by something else; as a verb which is less common, it means to cause something to happen This drug has many adverse effects. The new policy affected change in the whole school system.
Its/it’s
“Its” is the possessive pronoun for the third person, singular pronoun it similar to His and Hers, which also has no apostrophes. The tree has all of its leaves. IT’S is a contraction and it always means “it is” It’s time to go!
Loose/Lose
Loose is the opposite of tight. Lose is to misplace something or to not win.
Then/Than
Than compares things. For me, math is easier than science. Then indicates time. First, remove any jewelry, and then scrub for five minutes.
There/their/they’re
There refers to a location. Please go over there. Their books are over there on the table. Their is a possessive. They’re is a contraction of they are. They’re all going to meet us later.
Main idea
The most important point being made by the author
Topic
The subject of a text or what the text is about the topic is usually expressed in a few words at the most